其中:
live:表示“居住、生活”(状态);
in exile:介词短语作状语,修饰“live”,强调“处于流亡/流放的状态”(exile作名词,指“流亡;流放”,不可数)。
该短语是动词性短语,通常作句子的谓语,主语多为“被迫流亡的人”(如异见人士、政治犯、战乱中的难民等),后面常接地点状语(说明“流亡在哪里”)。
Many activists live in exile to escape government repression.
(许多活动人士为躲避政府镇压而流亡。)
The former leader has lived in exile in London for over a decade.
(这位前领导人已在伦敦流亡十多年。)
说明“流亡的原因”:用不定式(to do)或介词短语(because of/for)补充
She lives in exile to avoid persecution.(她流亡是为了躲避迫害。)
Thousands of families live in exile because of the civil war.(成千上万的家庭因内战而流亡。)
与“exile”相关的其他短语(辅助理解):
go into exile:开始流亡(强调“进入流亡状态”)
After the coup, he went into exile in neighboring countries.(政变后,他逃到邻国开始流亡。)
be sent into exile:被流放(强调“被动”)
The dictator sent his opponents into exile.(独裁者将对手流放。)
political exiles:政治流亡者(exile作可数名词,指“流亡者”)
exile的词性:在“live in exile”中,exile是不可数名词(表“状态”);若指“流亡者”,则是可数名词(如“a group of exiles”一群流亡者)。
语境限制:通常用于被迫离开故土的场景,而非主动“移民”或“旅居”(主动离开用“live abroad”更合适)。
1、 The writer lived in exile in the US after his books were banned in his home country.
(这位作家的书在祖国被禁后,在美国流亡。)
2、 Refugees who live in exile often face challenges like language barriers and cultural shock.
(流亡的难民常面临语言障碍和文化冲击等挑战。)
简言之,"live in exile" 是描述“被迫流亡状态”的常用短语,核心是“因不可抗力离开原居地,在他乡度日”。