“come down”是英语中常用的不及物动词短语,核心逻辑是“从高位/过去/兴奋态向低位/现在/平稳态移动”,具体含义需结合语境。以下是其主要义项、用法及例句:
最基础的义项,指空间位置从高到低,或数值(如价格、水位、温度)从高变低。
空间移动:Please come down from the ladder—you might fall!(请从梯子上下来,会摔的!)
数值下降:Gas prices have finally come down after months of increases.(油价涨了几个月,终于降了。)
水位/高度:The floodwaters came down slowly after the storm.(暴雨后,洪水慢慢退了。)
指传统、故事、文化等从古代/前人传递到当代。
This recipe has come down to us from my great-grandmother.(这个食谱是我曾祖母传下来的。)
The custom of giving red envelopes comes down from ancient China.(发红包的习俗从中国古代流传至今。)
需与介词with搭配(come down with sth.),表示“突然患上某种疾病”(强调“突发”或“被传染”)。
I think I’m coming down with a cold—I’ve got a sore throat.(我好像感冒了,喉咙痛。)
She came down with the flu after traveling to a crowded city.(她去了拥挤的城市后染上了流感。)
常与介词to搭配(come down to sth./doing sth.),表示“沦落到/降低到(不该做的事)”(含负面评价)。
He used to be a respected teacher—now he’s come down to begging.(他曾是受人尊敬的老师,现在沦落到乞讨。)
I can’t believe she’d come down to gossiping about others.(我不敢相信她会屈尊去说别人坏话。)
指从兴奋、激动或迷幻状态中平静下来。
After the concert, it took me hours to come down from the high.(音乐会后,我花了好几个小时才从兴奋中平复。)
He’s still coming down from the adrenaline rush of the race.(他还在从比赛的肾上腺素飙升中恢复。)
常与介词to搭配(come down to sth.),表示“问题的核心/本质是…”(强调最终结论)。
The problem comes down to a lack of funding.(问题归根结底是资金不足。)
It all comes down to whether we trust each other.(一切都取决于我们是否信任彼此。)
指飞行器、鸟类从空中落到地面或物体上。
The plane came down safely despite the bad weather.(尽管天气不好,飞机还是安全降落了。)
A butterfly came down on the flower and stayed for a minute.(一只蝴蝶落在花上,停留了一分钟。)
1、 不及物特性:“come down”本身不接宾语,若需接对象,需搭配介词(如with/to)。
2、 固定搭配:
come down with:必接“疾病”(如flu/cold/fever);
come down to:后接“核心原因/结论”(如money/trust/time)。
The rain stopped, and the temperature came down.(雨停了,温度降了。)
This tradition comes down from the 19th century.(这个传统从19世纪流传下来。)
I came down with food poisoning after eating sushi.(我吃寿司后食物中毒了。)
It all comes down to whether we can afford the trip.(一切都取决于我们是否付得起旅费。)
通过语境判断具体含义,结合介词搭配记忆,能更准确掌握“come down”的用法!