"lose one's temper"是英语中表达“发脾气;动怒;大发雷霆”的常用固定短语,强调“原本克制的情绪失控,因愤怒而失去对脾气的控制”。
该短语的结构为“动词+物主代词+名词”,其中:
"lose" 是核心动词,过去式为 lost,现在分词为 losing;
"one's" 需替换为形容词性物主代词(my/his/her/your/their等)或名词所有格(Tom's/Mary's等),指代“某人的”;
"temper" 此处为不可数名词,意为“脾气;情绪控制”。
直接描述“某人发脾气”,常与表示触发情绪的场景(如听到坏消息、被打扰等)搭配。
例句:
When he found out his phone was stolen, he lost his temper immediately.
(当他发现手机被偷时,立刻发了脾气。)
She rarely loses her temper—she's usually very calm.
(她很少发脾气——她通常很冷静。)
若要说明“对谁发脾气”或“因何事发脾气”,需在短语后加介词:
对某人大发雷霆:lose one's temper at/with sb.
Don't lose your temper at the kids—they didn't mean to break the cup.
(别对孩子发脾气——他们不是故意打碎杯子的。)
因某事发脾气:lose one's temper over/about sth.
He lost his temper over a trivial argument with his colleague.
(他因和同事的一场小争执发了脾气。)
过去时(描述已发生的发脾气):lost one's temper
I lost my temper yesterday because the traffic was terrible.
(昨天我因为交通太差发了脾气。)
现在进行时(描述正在发脾气):be losing one's temper
Wait, she's losing her temper—let's calm her down.
(等等,她正在发脾气——我们去让她冷静下来。)
否定形式(表示“不发脾气”):don't/doesn't/didn't lose one's temper
Try not to lose your temper when dealing with difficult customers.
(和难对付的客户打交道时,尽量别发脾气。)
"temper"前必须加物主代词(one's),不能直接说“lose temper”(不符合英语习惯);
该短语强调“情绪失控”,比普通的“be angry”更强烈,侧重“无法克制脾气”的状态。
"lose one's temper"是描述“发脾气”的地道表达,关键是通过物主代词明确“谁的脾气”,并可通过介词补充“对象/原因”,适用于日常对话、叙事等场景。
例子再巩固:
Why did you lose your temper with me? I didn't do anything wrong!
(你为什么对我发脾气?我没做错什么!)
My dad lost his temper over the broken TV remote.
(我爸爸因为坏掉的电视遥控器发了脾气。)