"ascribe to" 是一个正式的英语动词短语,核心含义是将某事物与特定的原因、来源、作者或属性关联起来。以下是详细解析:
"ascribe to" 主要有两大核心用法:
1、 归因:把结果、品质或行为的原因归于某人/某事(= attribute to,常可互换,但ascribe更强调“主观认定”或“推测”);
2、 归属:把作品、言论、特征认定为某人/某来源的(如“认为某句话是某人说的”“某幅画是某画家的”)。
"ascribe to" 是及物动词短语,必须带宾语,结构为:
主动态:主语 + ascribe + 被归因/归属的事物(sth.) + to + 原因/来源/作者(sb./sth.)
被动态:被归因/归属的事物(sth.) + be + ascribed + to + 原因/来源/作者(sb./sth.)(更常见于书面语)
将结果、成就、失败、特征等归于某原因或因素:
She ascribed her exam success to months of intensive revision.(她把考试成功归因于数月的强化复习。)
The team’s defeat was widely ascribed to poor teamwork.(球队的失败普遍被归因于团队协作差。)
People often ascribe creativity to a combination of talent and practice.(人们常把创造力归于天赋与练习的结合。)
将作品、名言、发明等认定为某人/某来源的:
The painting was ascribed to Picasso, but later proven to be a fake.(这幅画曾被认为是毕加索的,但后来被证实是赝品。)
The quote “Be the change you wish to see in the world” is often ascribed to Gandhi.(“欲变世界,先变自身”这句话常被归于甘地。)
The ancient ritual was ascribed to pre-Christian traditions.(这个古老仪式被认为源于基督教前的传统。)
在学术写作中,常用于解释研究结果或现象的原因:
The study’s positive outcomes are ascribed to the intervention’s tailored design.(研究的积极结果归因于干预措施的个性化设计。)
The decline in biodiversity is frequently ascribed to human activity.(生物多样性的下降常被归于人类活动。)
1、 结构不能颠倒:不能说 ascribe to sb. sth.,必须是 ascribe sth. to sb./sth.(如:不能说 She ascribed to hard work her success.,应改为 She ascribed her success to hard work.)。
2、 与"attribute to"的区别:两者几乎同义,但 ascribe 更强调“主观推测”(可能无确凿证据),attribute 更强调“合理归因”(有逻辑依据)。例如:
The mistake was attributed to a technical glitch.(错误归因于技术故障——有明确原因)
The legend is ascribed to a local storyteller.(传说被归于当地的说书人——主观认定)
3、 常见搭配:常与抽象名词(success, failure, wisdom, creativity)或具体事物(painting, quote, ritual)搭配。
"ascribe to" 是连接“结果/事物”与“原因/来源”的关键短语,核心是“将A归于B”。掌握其结构(ascribe sth. to sb./sth.)和场景(归因、归属),就能灵活运用。
一句话记忆:Ascribe your progress to effort, not luck.(把你的进步归因于努力,而非运气。)