英语短语"be made to do"的核心含义是“被迫做某事;被要求做某事”,强调主语(通常是人)是动作的承受者(即“被他人/外力迫使做某事”)。
"make"作为使役动词(表示“让/使某人做某事”)时,主动语态的结构是:
但变为被动语态时,需要恢复不定式符号"to"(因为主动语态中"make"后面接“不带to的不定式”,被动时要补回"to"),因此被动结构为:
1、 结构拆解
主语(人/动作承受者)+ be动词(根据时态/人称变化)+ made + to + 动词原形 + 其他成分。
2、 时态示例
一般现在时(强调经常/客观情况):
Children are often made to study for long hours in some schools.(有些学校里,孩子经常被迫长时间学习。)
一般过去时(强调过去发生的被迫行为):
I was made to apologize to him even though I was innocent.(即使我没错,还是被迫向他道歉。)
一般将来时(强调未来的被迫要求):
You will be made to explain your absence at the meeting tomorrow.(明天的会议上,你会被要求解释缺席原因。)
现在完成时(强调动作已完成且对现在有影响):
She has been made to practice the piano every weekend since she was 5.(从5岁起,她就被迫每周练钢琴。)
3、 否定与疑问形式
否定:在be动词后加"not",如:
He wasn't made to take the exam.(他没被要求参加考试。)
疑问:将be动词提前,如:
Were you made to do the housework by your mom?(你妈妈让你做家务了吗?)
"be made to do"(被迫做)的主语通常是人,而"be made of/from"(由...制成)的主语通常是物(强调材质),需避免混淆:
The cake is made from flour and eggs.(这蛋糕由面粉和鸡蛋制成。)→ 物作主语,材质说明。
He was made to bake the cake.(他被迫烤蛋糕。)→ 人作主语,被迫动作。
"be made to do"多用于表达“非自愿的、被外力要求的行为”,常见场景包括:
被老师/家长要求做某事(如学习、做家务);
被雇主要求加班/完成任务;
被规则/制度迫使做某事(如遵守规定)。
例句回顾:主动:The boss made me work overtime.(老板让我加班。)
被动:I was made to work overtime by the boss.(我被老板要求加班。)
通过以上分析,你可以快速掌握"be made to do"的核心逻辑——“被动的、非自愿的动作”,结合时态变化即可灵活使用。