"in decline"是一个常用的英语介词短语,核心含义是“处于衰退/下降/衰落的状态”,强调事物从繁荣、稳定转向衰弱、减少的状态或趋势。
表示数量、质量、影响力、健康等方面的“下降/衰退/衰落”,可用于描述具体事物(如人口、经济)或抽象概念(如 popularity、文明)。
"in decline"主要作表语或后置定语,需结合语境搭配相应名词。
直接说明主语处于“衰退状态”,常见搭配:
经济/行业:The local manufacturing industry is in decline due to globalization.(当地制造业因全球化而衰退。)
健康:His physical health has been in decline since the surgery.(手术后他的健康状况一直在恶化。)
人口/数量:The town’s population is in steady decline as young people move to cities.(随着年轻人进城,小镇人口持续减少。)
popularity/影响力:The actor’s popularity went into decline after the scandal.(丑闻后这位演员的人气下降。)
修饰名词,说明该事物“正处于衰退中”,相当于“declining + 名词”:
We need to protect species in decline ( = declining species) from extinction.(我们需要保护濒危物种免予灭绝。)
Historians often study civilizations in decline ( = declining civilizations) to learn from past mistakes.(历史学家常研究衰落的文明以吸取教训。)
The report focuses on regions in economic decline ( = regions with declining economies).(报告关注经济衰退的地区。)
两者几乎可互换,细微区别:
in decline:更强调“状态”(已处于衰退中);
on the decline:更强调“过程”(正在下降的趋势)。
例:
The number of bookstores is in decline.(书店数量处于衰退状态。)
The number of bookstores is on the decline.(书店数量正在下降。)
on the rise(在上升)
booming(繁荣的)
in growth(在增长)
例:While traditional malls are in decline, online shopping is on the rise.(传统商场衰落的同时,网购正在兴起。)
"in decline"是介词短语,不能单独作谓语,需与be动词或连系动词(如go, fall)连用;
后面不接介词of,正确表达是“sth. is in decline”,而非“sth. is in decline of...”;
可加副词(如sharply, steady, rapid)修饰程度:The company’s profits are in sharp decline(利润急剧下滑)。
总结:"in decline"是描述“衰退状态”的高频短语,适用于多个场景,只要理解其“状态/趋势”的核心,就能灵活使用。