英语短语"look up"是一个常用的多义短语,核心含义围绕“向上看”或“主动查找/改善”,具体意思和用法需结合语境判断。以下是详细拆解:
最常见的用法之一,指通过工具(词典、网络、书籍)主动查找信息。
结构:`look up + 名词/代词`(注意:代词作宾语时必须放在中间,如`look it up`,不能说`look up it`)。
例子:
Please look up the word "ambiguous" in the dictionary.(请在词典里查“ambiguous”这个词。)
I need to look up the train schedule online.(我得上网查火车时刻表。)
Do you know what "serendipity" means? Let me look it up.(你知道“serendipity”是什么意思吗?我查一下。)
字面义,指将视线从低处移到高处(看上方的人/物)。
搭配:常与`at`连用(`look up at sth/sb`),强调“看的对象”。
例子:
She looked up from her phone when I called her name.(我叫她名字时,她从手机上抬头看我。)
The child looked up at the airplane in the sky.(孩子抬头看天上的飞机。)
引申义,指原本糟糕的状态开始变好(不及物,后面不接宾语)。
语境:常用于描述事业、健康、心情等的积极变化。
例子:
Our sales have been looking up since we launched the new product.(自从推出新产品,我们的销量开始好转。)
Don’t worry—things will look up soon.(别担心,情况很快会好起来的。)
固定搭配`look up to sb`,指“把某人当作榜样/偶像”。
注意:这里的`to`是介词,后面接人(不能接物)。
例子:
Many teenagers look up to athletes or singers.(很多青少年崇拜运动员或歌手。)
I’ve always looked up to my grandfather for his wisdom.(我一直因祖父的智慧而尊敬他。)
1、 宾语位置:
接名词时:`look up the word` 或 `look the word up` 都对(后者更口语化)。
接代词(it/them)时:必须放在中间!如`look it up`(× look up it)、`look them up`(× look up them)。
2、 易混淆搭配:
`look up at`:抬头看某物/人(强调“看的动作”);
`look up to`:尊敬某人(强调“情感态度”)。
含义 | 结构/搭配 | 例子 |
---|---|---|
查阅(信息) | look up + 名词/代词 | Look up the address before you go. |
抬头看 | look up at + 人/物 | He looked up at the tall building. |
情况好转 | look up(不及物) | Business is finally looking up. |
仰慕/尊敬 | look up to + 人 | She looks up to her English teacher. |
通过具体语境区分这四个核心用法,就能准确掌握`look up`的灵活应用啦!