英语短语 "take the trouble to do sth." 的核心含义是:特意花费时间、精力去做某事(尤指需要努力、麻烦或额外付出的事),可译为“费心做某事”“不辞辛劳地做某事”“特意做某事”。
take the trouble:字面是“承担麻烦”,引申为“付出精力/时间解决麻烦”;
to do sth.:不定式表目的,说明“费心的具体内容”。
整体强调:做这件事并非轻而易举,需要主动投入额外努力。
(注:“the”是定冠词,常用来强调“特定的麻烦”,省略后“take trouble to do”也成立,但“take the trouble”更常用。)
肯定句:表达“主动费心做某事”,常含“赞赏/肯定”的隐含态度(如别人为你付出时)。
例:She took the trouble to bake cookies for my birthday.(她特意费心为我生日烤了饼干。)
例:The teacher takes the trouble to explain grammar to us every day.(老师每天都费心给我们讲语法。)
否定句:用“don’t/doesn’t/didn’t take the trouble to do”表示“不费心做/懒得做”,含“不满/批评”的意味。
例:He didn’t take the trouble to check his essay, so there are many mistakes.(他没费心检查论文,所以有很多错误。)
例:Don’t take the trouble to come—just call me instead.(不用特意过来——打个电话就行。)
疑问句:用于请求对方“费心做某事”,语气礼貌。
例:Will you take the trouble to pass me the salt?(你能费心把盐递给我吗?)
主语通常是人(个体或集体,如“company”“team”),因为“费心”是人的主动行为。
例:The company took the trouble to improve its customer service.(公司特意费心改进客户服务。)
可替换使用,但侧重略有不同:
go out of one’s way to do sth.:更强调“偏离常规、特意绕路/改变习惯做某事”(如“特意绕路送我回家”)。
例:He went out of his way to help me with my luggage.(他特意绕路帮我拿行李。)
bother to do sth.:更口语化,侧重“克服惰性做某事”(如“懒得做但还是做了”)。
例:Did you bother to lock the door?(你费心锁门了吗?)
take pains to do sth.:更正式,强调“煞费苦心、仔细做某事”(如“精心准备演讲”)。
例:She took pains to make sure every detail was perfect.(她煞费苦心确保每个细节都完美。)
not bother to do sth.:懒得做(最常用)。
例:I didn’t bother to cook—we ordered takeout.(我懒得做饭——我们点了外卖。)
shirk doing sth.:逃避做(含“推卸责任”的意味)。
例:He always shirks doing the dishes.(他总逃避洗碗。)
be too lazy to do sth.:太懒而不做(直接说明原因)。
例:She’s too lazy to take the trouble to clean her room.(她太懒,懒得费心打扫房间。)
突出“额外努力”:做的事不是“顺手而为”,而是“需要费点劲”;
隐含态度:肯定句表“赞赏”,否定句表“不满”,疑问句表“礼貌请求”。
通过例子巩固:
感谢他人:Thank you for taking the trouble to help me move.(谢谢你费心帮我搬家。)
批评他人:Why didn’t you take the trouble to reply to my email?(你为什么不费心回我邮件?)
自我描述:I took the trouble to learn French before my trip to Paris.(我在去巴黎前特意费心学了法语。)