英语短语"spend on sth."的核心含义是:“在某物/某事上花费(时间或金钱)”。
"spend"是及物动词,主语必须是人(因为只有人能主动“花费”时间/金钱),常见结构为:
其中:
"spend"后的宾语是时间或金钱(表示“花费的量”);
"on"是介词,后面接名词、代词或动名词(表示“花费的对象”)。
I spent 50 dollars on this T-shirt.(我花了50美元买这件T恤。)
She spends a lot of money on cosmetics.(她在化妆品上花很多钱。)
He spends two hours on his homework every evening.(他每晚花2小时做作业。)
We spent a whole day on the beach.(我们在海滩上度过了一整天。)
"spend"还可以接动名词(doing),表示“花费时间/金钱做某事”,此时介词"in"可省略:
I spent 50 dollars (in) buying this T-shirt.(= I spent 50 dollars on this T-shirt.)
She spends two hours (in) practicing piano every day.(= She spends two hours on piano practice every day.)
主语不能是“物”:不能说"The T-shirt spent me 50 dollars."(错误),应改为"The T-shirt cost me 50 dollars."(这件T恤花了我50美元。)
"on"后不能接动词原形:不能说"I spent time on study English."(错误),应改为"I spent time on English study."(我花时间学英语。)或"I spent time (in) studying English."
意思:在(某物/某事)上花费(时间/金钱);
结构:人 + spend + 时间/金钱 + on + 名词/代词;
拓展:若“花费的对象”是动作,用"spend (in) doing sth."。
通过以上例子和对比,就能准确掌握"spend on sth."的用法啦!