英语短语"grind at"的含义和用法可根据语境分为三类,核心围绕“针对某对象持续用力/努力”展开,以下是具体解析:
"grind"本身有“研磨、磨碎;刻苦努力;持续摩擦”的意思,"at"作为介词指向具体的作用对象,因此"grind at"的核心是“对某事物/人持续施加力(物理或精神上)”。
最常见的用法,强调“持续、专注地投入精力做某事”,后面接学科、任务、技能等名词。
搭配:`grind at + 名词(任务/技能/学科)`
例子:
He’s been grinding at his PhD thesis for over a year.(他已经刻苦写博士论文一年多了。)
I need to grind at my French grammar before the trip.(旅行前我得努力攻克法语语法。)
She grinds at her violin practice for 2 hours every evening.(她每晚刻苦练2小时小提琴。)
物理意义上的“研磨”,强调“用工具持续摩擦以改变物体形态”,后面接具体物品(如食材、金属、工具等)。
搭配:`grind at + 名词(物体)`
例子:
The barista grinds at the coffee beans fresh every morning.(咖啡师每天早上现磨咖啡豆。)
He ground at the rusted bolt with a file until it loosened.(他用锉刀用力磨生锈的螺栓,直到它松动。)
The old mill grinds at wheat to make flour.(老磨坊研磨小麦制面粉。)
引申为“持续造成困扰或痛苦”,后面接人、情感或感官(如 nerves、patience、pain 等)。
搭配:`grind at + 名词(人/情感)`
例子:
Her constant complaining grinds at my nerves.(她没完没了的抱怨让我心烦。)
The dull pain in his back grinds at him all day.(他背部的隐痛整天折磨着他。)
The noise from the construction site grinds at the neighbors.(建筑工地的噪音烦扰着邻居们。)
时态变化:过去式为`ground at`,现在分词为`grinding at`(如:He is grinding at his homework.)。
与相似短语的区别:
`grind away at`:更强调“持续、不懈地努力”(如:She grinds away at her studies every night.),比`grind at`更突出“坚持”;
`grind on`:指“(过程)冗长持续”(如:The meeting ground on for 3 hours. 会议开了3小时还没结束),不强调“针对某对象”。
总结:"grind at"是一个“指向性强”的短语,核心是“对某对象持续用力”,具体含义需结合上下文判断(努力、研磨、烦扰)。