在英语中,“be lack of”是错误的表达,正确的搭配需根据“lack”的词性(动词/名词/形容词)来区分:
“lack”主要有三种词性,对应的用法完全不同:
词性 | 用法说明 | 例句 |
---|---|---|
动词(及物,无被动) | 直接加宾语,表“缺乏某物” | He lacks confidence.(他缺乏信心) |
名词 | 常用“a lack of + 名词”,表“…的缺乏” | There is a lack of water here.(这里缺水) |
形容词(lacking) | 用“be lacking in + 名词”,表“在…方面缺乏” | She is lacking in experience.(她缺乏经验) |
“lack”作为名词时,不能直接和“be动词”搭配加“of”——名词“lack”需要用“a lack of”(表“一种缺乏”);
“lack”作为动词时,是及物动词,不需要“of”(直接加宾语);
“lack”作为形容词时,形式是“lacking”,后面接“in”(不是“of”)。
I lack motivation to study.(我缺乏学习动力。)
The team lacks a strong leader.(这个团队缺一个强有力的领导。)
A lack of sleep makes me irritable.(睡眠不足让我易怒。)
We failed for lack of funds.(我们因缺乏资金而失败。)(for lack of 是固定短语,表“由于缺乏”)
He is lacking in social skills.(他缺乏社交技巧。)
The report is lacking in detail.(这份报告缺乏细节。)
错误表达 | 正确表达(任选其一) |
---|---|
He is lack of patience. | He lacks patience. He is lacking in patience. There is a lack of patience in him. |
She is lack of courage. | She lacks courage. She is lacking in courage. A lack of courage holds her back. |
缺某物:主语 + lack + 宾语;
…的缺乏:a lack of + 名词;
在…方面缺:主语 + be lacking in + 名词。
这样就能准确表达“缺乏”的意思啦!