“tighten up”是一个常用的英语动词短语,核心含义围绕“使更紧/更严格”,可分为字面意义和比喻意义,用法灵活,常见于日常交流、工作、体育等场景。以下是详细解析:
字面义:绷紧;拉紧;拧紧(物理上使物体变紧);
比喻义:加强;严格要求;改进;紧凑化(抽象上使规则、流程、表现等更严谨/高效)。
根据场景不同,“tighten up”可作及物动词短语(后接宾语)或不及物动词短语(不接宾语),常见搭配包括“tighten up sth.”“tighten up on sth.”等。
指通过外力使物体“变紧、绷紧或固定”,常见于描述具体物品的操作。
拧紧/固定:Can you tighten up the screws on the chair? (你能把椅子上的螺丝拧紧吗?)
拉紧(衣物/绳索):She tightened up her scarf to keep out the cold. (她把围巾拉紧抵御寒冷。)
绷紧(肌肉):When he’s scared, his whole body tightens up. (他害怕时全身肌肉都会绷紧。)
更常用的是引申义,强调“让事物更严谨、高效或严格”,常见于以下场景:
搭配“tighten up on sth.”,表示“对…加强管控”。
The school decided to tighten up on the homework policy—no more late submissions. (学校决定加强作业政策——不再允许迟交。)
The government is tightening up border security to prevent illegal entry. (政府正在加强边境安保以阻止非法入境。)
指“让某事更高效、更完善”,常见于工作、体育或项目中。
We need to tighten up the project timeline—we’re falling behind. (我们得改进项目时间表——已经落后了。)
The coach told the team to tighten up their defense after conceding two goals. (丢了两球后,教练要求球队加强防守。)
He needs to tighten up his public speaking—he rambles too much. (他得改进演讲技巧——太啰嗦了。)
指删去冗余部分,让内容更精炼。
Your essay is good, but you should tighten up the introduction—it’s too long. (你的文章不错,但引言得更紧凑——太长了。)
The scriptwriter was asked to tighten up the second act to keep the audience engaged. (编剧被要求压缩第二幕,以保持观众的注意力。)
指对行为或表现提出更高标准。
I need to tighten up my study habits if I want to pass the exam. (如果想通过考试,我得严格要求自己的学习习惯。)
The manager warned the team to tighten up—lazy work won’t be tolerated. (经理警告团队要严谨——懒散的工作态度不会被容忍。)
tighten up on sth.:加强对…的管控(如规则、政策);
tighten up sth.:改进/收紧某事(如时间表、文章);
tighten up one’s game:提升某人的表现(体育/工作中常用);
被动形式:The rules were tightened up last year. (去年规则被严格化了。)
tighten one’s belt:勒紧裤腰带(指“省钱、缩减开支”,与“tighten up”无关);
tighten up vs. stiffen up:前者强调“紧/严”,后者强调“僵硬”(如肌肉僵硬)。
“tighten up”的核心是“从‘松’到‘紧’的变化”——物理上的“绷紧”,或抽象上的“加强/改进”。理解其场景差异(字面vs.比喻),结合搭配使用,就能准确掌握这个短语啦!