首先需要纠正拼写:正确短语是 "would sooner…than"(而非 "sonner")。
"would sooner…than" 表示“宁愿做…而不愿做…”,强调说话人对两种行为的强烈偏好或拒绝,语气比 "would rather…than" 更正式或更强调“迫不及待”的态度("sooner" 本身是 "soon" 的比较级,隐含“更急于/更早做某事”)。
结构的关键是前后动词形式一致,需根据时间场景调整:
后接动词原形(前后均用原形),即:
例:
I would sooner die than surrender.(我宁死不屈。)
She would sooner walk than take the crowded subway.(她宁愿走路也不愿坐拥挤的地铁。)
They would sooner cancel the trip than go in this bad weather.(他们宁愿取消旅行也不愿在这种恶劣天气出行。)
若描述过去本想做却没做的选择,前后均用“have + 过去分词”,即:
例:
I would sooner have left the party than have stayed for another hour.(我宁愿当时就离开派对,也不愿多留一小时。)
He would sooner have failed the exam than have cheated.(他宁愿考试不及格,也不愿作弊。)
若“than”后涉及另一个主语(即“宁愿[某人做某事]而不愿[某人做另一件事]”),从句需用虚拟语气:
对“现在/将来”的虚拟:从句用过去式(be动词统一用were);
对“过去”的虚拟:从句用过去完成式(had done)。
结构:
例:
I would sooner you came tomorrow than today.(我宁愿你明天来,而不是今天。)(现在/将来的虚拟,用过去式came)
She would sooner he had told her the truth than kept her in the dark.(她宁愿他当时告诉她真相,而不是隐瞒。)(过去的虚拟,用过去完成式had told)
Would you sooner I stayed or left?(你宁愿我留下还是离开?)(日常口语中that可省略)
两者含义相近(均表示“宁愿…而不愿…”),但:
语气:"would sooner…than" 更强调“急于做前者、更不愿做后者”(因"sooner"隐含“更早/更快”),语气稍强或更正式;
用法:结构完全一致(动词形式、虚拟语气规则相同),可互换使用。
"would sooner…than" 是表达强烈偏好的实用短语,核心是动词形式一致(原形/完成式),涉及从句时需用虚拟语气。通过具体例子能更快掌握:
现在:I would sooner cook than order takeout.(我宁愿做饭也不愿点外卖。)
过去:He would sooner have quit his job than worked with that rude boss.(他宁愿当时辞职,也不愿和那个粗鲁的老板共事。)
从句:We would sooner you didn’t smoke here.(我们宁愿你别在这里抽烟。)(隐含“现在不要抽”,用过去式didn’t)
希望以上解释能帮你理清用法!