英语短语 "take by surprise" 是一个常用表达,核心含义是“使(人/物)出其不意;让(人)大吃一惊;突然袭击/撞见”,强调“意外性”——即行为或事件发生时,对方毫无准备。
可分为两种常见场景:
1、 让某人感到意外/震惊(日常最常用):指某事发生得太突然,超出对方的预期,导致其惊讶或措手不及。
2、 出其不意地攻击/捕获(偏向行动层面):指在对方毫无防备时发起攻击、逮捕或撞见。
该短语的核心结构是 "take + 宾语 + by surprise",其中:
宾语可以是人(sb.)或物(sth.,如地方、组织等);
常用被动形式(be taken by surprise),表示“被 surprise”的状态。
The birthday party thrown by my friends took me by surprise.
(朋友们为我办的生日派对让我大吃一惊。)
I was taken by surprise when I heard she was moving abroad.
(听到她要出国的消息,我很意外。)
The sudden price hike took all customers by surprise.
(突然涨价让所有顾客都措手不及。)
The police took the drug dealers by surprise and seized all their goods.
(警察出其不意地抓获了毒贩,没收了所有赃物。)
The army took the enemy's base by surprise at dawn.
(军队在黎明时分突然袭击了敌人的基地。)
The heavy snowstorm took the city by surprise—no one expected it to be so severe.
(暴风雪突然袭击了这座城市——没人料到会这么严重。)
强调“意外性”:与普通的“surprise sb.”(让某人惊讶)相比,"take by surprise" 更突出“对方完全没准备”的突然感(比如“突然出现/发生”)。
宾语的灵活性:既可以是人,也可以是地点、组织甚至抽象事物(如“计划”“市场”等)。
"take by surprise" 是一个强调“出其不意”的短语,无论是日常的“惊喜”还是行动中的“突袭”,都能用它来表达“对方毫无防备”的状态。记住核心结构和常见语境,就能轻松运用啦!