“had sooner”是英语中表达个人意愿偏好的短语,核心含义为“宁愿;宁可”,强调在多个选项中更倾向于某一方,常与对比结构搭配使用。以下是详细解析:
“had sooner”表示对某件事的优先选择,隐含“不愿做其他选项”的情绪,相当于更常用的“would rather”或“had rather”(三者用法高度一致)。
“had sooner”的关键结构是后接动词原形,常通过“than”连接对比项。具体场景如下:
直接陈述“宁愿做某事”,无对比时使用。
I had sooner stay home alone.(我宁愿独自待在家里。)
She had sooner read a book than watch TV.(她宁愿看书,也不愿看电视。)
通过“than”明确“更倾向前者,拒绝后者”,是最常见的用法。
He had sooner die than tell a lie.(他宁死也不愿说谎。)
We had sooner walk than take a crowded subway.(我们宁愿走路,也不愿坐拥挤的地铁。)
表示“宁愿不做某事”,在“sooner”后加“not”即可。
I had sooner not go to the party—It’s full of strangers.(我宁愿不参加派对——全是陌生人。)
They had sooner not invest in this risky project.(他们宁愿不投资这个高风险项目。)
将“had”提至句首,构成疑问句,询问对方的偏好。
Had you sooner go hiking or swimming this weekend?(你周末宁愿去徒步还是游泳?)
Had she sooner quit her job than work with that boss?(她宁愿辞职也不愿和那个老板共事吗?)
与“had better”的区别:
“had better”是建议/警告(“最好做某事”),而“had sooner”是个人偏好(“宁愿做某事”),不可混用:
✅ You had better leave now.(你最好现在走。)→ 建议
✅ I had sooner leave now.(我宁愿现在走。)→ 偏好
若要表示“过去宁愿做某事”,可在“had sooner”后加“have + 过去分词”(但现代英语更常用“would sooner have done”):
I had sooner have stayed home yesterday—the concert was awful.(我昨天宁愿待在家里——音乐会太糟糕了。)
肯定对比:He had sooner eat pizza than hamburgers.(他宁愿吃披萨也不愿吃汉堡。)
否定句:She had sooner not talk about her ex-boyfriend.(她宁愿不谈论前男友。)
疑问句:Had they sooner live in a village than a big city?(他们宁愿住村庄也不愿住大城市吗?)
总结:“had sooner”是正式/传统的“宁愿”表达,用法与“would rather”一致,核心是“动原+对比”,重点突出个人意愿偏好。