"discriminate against" 是一个动词短语,表示"歧视;不公平地对待(某人/某一群体)",强调基于性别、种族、年龄、宗教、残疾等无关因素对他人施加偏见或差别对待(负面含义)。
该短语的结构为:discriminate (不及物动词) + against (介词) + 宾语(被歧视的对象),通常用于描述主动对他人的歧视行为,也可用于被动语态(强调"被歧视")。
宾语通常是被歧视的弱势群体(如女性、少数族裔、残障人士等)。
The company was accused of discriminating against pregnant women.
这家公司被指控歧视孕妇。
It’s illegal to discriminate against people with disabilities in employment.
就业中歧视残障人士是违法的。
常用 "based on/by/for" 引出歧视的原因(如年龄、种族、宗教等)。
Employers must not discriminate against applicants because of their sexual orientation.
雇主不得因性取向歧视申请者。
The policy explicitly bans discriminating against students on the basis of their family background.
该政策明确禁止因家庭背景歧视学生。
结构:be discriminated against,更突出受害者的视角。
Women have long been discriminated against in male-dominated fields.
在男性主导的领域,女性长期以来遭受歧视。
People from low-income backgrounds often feel discriminated against in higher education.
低收入背景的人常感到在高等教育中被歧视。
discriminate between:中性含义,指"区分;辨别(两者的不同)",如:
We need to discriminate between fact and fiction.(我们需要区分事实与虚构。)
discriminate in favor of:表示"偏袒;优待"(与"discriminate against"相反),如:
The rule discriminates in favor of local residents.(这条规定偏袒本地居民。)
该短语常用于法律、社会议题、职场等场景,与"anti-discrimination laws(反歧视法)"、"equal rights(平等权利)"等概念紧密相关。
总结:"discriminate against" 是表达"歧视"的核心短语,重点在于"不公平的负面对待",需结合具体语境理解其对象和原因。