“by degrees”是一个副词短语,核心含义是“逐渐地;逐步地;一点点地”,用来描述动作、状态或变化是循序渐进发生的,而非突然或瞬间完成。
强调“过程的渐进性”,即从一个状态向另一个状态缓慢过渡,常对应中文的“渐渐”“逐渐”“一步步”。
作为副词短语,它主要在句中作状语,修饰动词、形容词或整个句子,位置灵活(可放句首、句中或句尾)。
1、 句尾(最常见):
The sun melted the snow by degrees.
太阳逐渐融化了雪。
Her health improved by degrees after the treatment.
治疗后她的健康慢慢好转。
2、 句中:
He by degrees became accustomed to the new job.
他逐步习惯了新工作。(可调整为更自然的语序:He became accustomed to the new job by degrees.)
3、 句首(用于强调过程):
By degrees, the noise outside died down.
渐渐地,外面的噪音消失了。By degrees, she realized how much he cared for her.
慢慢地,她意识到他有多在乎她。by degrees vs gradually:两者几乎同义,但“by degrees”更具书面语色彩,“gradually”更口语化。
例:She recovered gradually. = She recovered by degrees.
by degrees vs in degrees:“in degrees”表示“在程度上”(强调程度的差异),而“by degrees”强调“过程的渐进”。
例:The temperature fell by degrees(温度逐渐下降)≠ The temperature varies in degrees(温度在度数上有差异)。
“by degrees”是描述缓慢变化过程的常用短语,适用于天气、学习、情绪、健康等需要“逐步发展”的场景,用法灵活,核心是突出“非突然性”。