“turn back”是英语中高频多功能短语,核心围绕“逆向行动”或“改变方向”,具体含义需结合语境区分,以下是详细解析:
“turn back”的本质是从当前路径/状态“转回”或“退回”,可分为字面(物理方向)和比喻(抽象意义)两类用法。
指因障碍、错误路线等原因,停止前进并回到起点/原路线。
基础搭配:不及物(后面不直接跟宾语,若需说明“返回某地”,加介词`to`)
We had to turn back halfway because the trail was blocked by fallen trees.(因为小径被倒树挡住,我们中途不得不折回。)
When we realized we’d missed the exit, we turned back to the highway.(发现错过出口后,我们掉头返回高速公路。)
指阻碍人/物继续发展,或拒绝接受提议/计划。
核心逻辑:“把…推回原路”→ 阻止前进
搭配:及物(直接跟宾语)
The guard turned back anyone without a ticket.(保安阻止了所有无票人员进入。)
The heavy rain turned back the hikers before they reached the summit.(暴雨让徒步者在登顶前止步。)
The board turned back the budget proposal due to financial risks.(董事会因财务风险驳回了预算提案。)
指通过困难、恐惧等让某人停止尝试。
核心逻辑:“把…的决心/行动‘推回’”→ 放弃
The fear of failure didn’t turn her back from applying to the top university.(对失败的恐惧没有让她放弃申请顶尖大学。)
Nothing can turn back a determined person from chasing their dream.(没有什么能让坚定的人放弃追梦。)
指原本答应的事最后“收回”,不履行承诺。
核心逻辑:“把之前的决定‘转回’”→ 反悔
He turned back on his promise to help me with the presentation.(他反悔了帮我做演示的承诺。)
Don’t turn back now—we’re just one step away from success!(现在别反悔——我们离成功只差一步!)
表示背叛/抛弃/置之不理(对原本支持的人/事不再负责),语气较强。
How could you turn back on your best friend when she needed you most?(你怎么能在好友最需要你的时候抛弃她?)
The company turned back on its employees by cutting benefits without warning.(公司突然削减福利,背叛了员工。)
表示“时光倒流;回到过去”(用于表达对过去的怀念或希望改变历史)。
I wish I could turn back the clock and spend more time with my parents when I was young.(我希望能时光倒流,年轻时多陪陪父母。)
You can’t turn back time—focus on making the future better instead.(你无法让时光倒流——不如专注于让未来更美好。)
1、 及物 vs 不及物:
字面“返回”是不及物(如`We turned back.`);
引申“阻止/反悔/使退缩”是及物(如`turn back the crowd`)。
2、 语境优先:需结合场景判断含义(如“迷路时turn back=折回”,“承诺时turn back=反悔”)。
场景 | 含义 | 例句 |
---|---|---|
走路/开车迷路 | 返回,折回 | We turned back when we got lost. |
阻止某人进入 | 阻止 | The doorman turned back the drunk man. |
放弃追梦 | 使退缩 | Difficulty didn’t turn her back. |
不履行承诺 | 反悔 | He turned back on his promise. |
背叛家人/朋友 | 抛弃 | She turned back on her family. |
希望重新经历过去 | 时光倒流 | I want to turn back the clock. |
通过以上解析,“turn back”的用法就清晰了——关键是抓住“逆向/退回”的核心逻辑,再结合语境调整具体含义!