“run up against”是一个及物动词短语,核心含义是“遭遇(难以应对的障碍、困难、阻力或反对)”,强调遇到的是需要面对或解决的挑战性/阻碍性事物,带有明显的“被动面对问题”的意味。
侧重“碰到棘手的、阻碍前进的人或事”,常见搭配的宾语包括:
问题(problem/difficulty)、
阻力(resistance/opposition)、
限制(limit/constraint)、
意外状况(unexpected delay/bad weather)等。
主语(人/物)+ run up against + 宾语(名词/代词)
主语可以是人(表示“某人遇到困难”);
主语也可以是物(如计划、项目、方案等,表示“某事物遇到阻碍”)。
一般现在时:run up against(主语非三单)/ runs up against(主语三单)
一般过去时:ran up against(最常用)
现在进行时:am/is/are running up against(强调“正在遇到”)
现在完成时:have/has run up against(强调“已经遇到”)
通过不同场景的例子,帮你更直观理解:
The new product launch ran up against supply chain issues and had to be delayed.
(新产品发布遇到了供应链问题,不得不推迟。)
I ran up against a lot of opposition when I suggested working from home permanently.
(我建议永久居家办公时,遇到了很多反对意见。)
We ran up against heavy rain on our road trip, so we had to stay in a motel overnight.
(我们公路旅行时遇到了大雨,所以不得不留在汽车旅馆过夜。)
She is running up against a tight deadline for her dissertation—she hasn’t slept well all week.
(她的论文截止日期很紧,这周都没睡好。)
The company ran up against legal problems when it tried to expand into the European market.
(公司试图进军欧洲市场时,遇到了法律问题。)
run up against vs. run into
“run into”更侧重“偶然遇到(人/事)”(中性或积极),而“run up against”则强调“遭遇阻碍”(负面)。
例:
I ran into my high school teacher at the grocery store.(我在杂货店偶遇高中老师。)→ 不可用“run up against”
I ran up against a huge traffic jam on the way to the airport.(我去机场路上遇到严重堵车。)→ 可用“run into”,但“run up against”更突出“阻碍”。
总结:“run up against”是描述“遇到麻烦”的高频短语,只要涉及“碰到需要解决的障碍”,都可以用它来表达~