“be accustomed to”是英语中常用的系表结构短语,核心含义为:习惯于……;适应于……(强调一种长期形成的“习惯状态”,多含“自然、熟习”的意味)。
“be accustomed to”的关键是介词to——它后面必须接名词、代词或动名词(doing),不能接动词原形。具体结构:
表示“习惯于某事物/某人”,常见于描述生活、环境、人际关系等场景。
She is accustomed to the noisy city life.(她习惯了喧闹的城市生活。)
I'm not accustomed to this kind of food yet.(我还不习惯这种食物。)
The cat is accustomed to its new home now.(这只猫现在适应新家了。)
表示“习惯于做某事”,强调重复的行为已成为习惯。
He is accustomed to getting up at 6 a.m. every day.(他习惯了每天6点起床。)
Are you accustomed to working late?(你习惯加班吗?)
She was accustomed to speaking in public after years of practice.(经过多年练习,她习惯了当众讲话。)
“get/become accustomed to”强调从“不适应”到“适应”的过程,更突出“变化”。
It takes time to get accustomed to a new culture.(适应新文化需要时间。)
I'm slowly becoming accustomed to the cold weather here.(我正慢慢习惯这里的寒冷天气。)
1、 区分“be accustomed to”与“used to”
两者都可表示“习惯于”,但“be accustomed to”更正式,常出现在书面语或正式场合;“be used to”更口语化。
此外,“used to do”是另一个短语,意为“过去常常做某事”(现在不做了),注意不要混淆:
I used to drink coffee every morning.(我过去每天早上都喝咖啡。——现在不喝了)
I'm used to drinking tea now.(我现在习惯喝茶了。——状态)
2、 主动与被动的关联
“accustom”是及物动词,意为“使某人习惯……”,因此“be accustomed to”本质是被动结构(某人被“使”习惯某事),但日常使用中更强调“状态”而非被动动作。
My parents accustomed me to hard work when I was young.(父母从小让我习惯吃苦。——主动)
I was accustomed to hard work by my parents.(我被父母培养得习惯吃苦。——被动,更强调结果)
❌ 错误:He is accustomed to get up early.(to后接动词原形)
✅ 正确:He is accustomed to getting up early.(to是介词,接动名词)
综上,“be accustomed to”是表达“习惯状态”的核心短语,重点记住to是介词,后面接名词/动名词,结合“get/become”可表示“逐渐适应”,适用于正式或日常语境。