“take upon oneself”是一个正式的英语短语,核心含义是主动承担(责任、任务等)或擅自决定/做(某事)(未经他人同意)。它强调行为的“主动性”或“自主性”(有时带点“越界”的意味)。
1、 主动承担(责任、任务)
指自发地、自愿地接过某件需要负责的事(通常是别人没要求,但自己觉得该做)。
2、 擅自/贸然做(某事)
指未经授权或同意,自行决定做某事(隐含“越界”“多管闲事”的意味)。
该短语的核心结构是:
take (it) upon oneself to do sth(最常用)
(“it”是形式宾语,真正宾语是后面的不定式“to do sth”)
take sth upon oneself
(直接接具体的“责任/任务”等名词)
She took it upon herself to organize the company’s annual party.
(她主动承担了组织公司年会的任务。)
The old man took upon himself the care of the abandoned cat.
(老人主动承担了照顾那只流浪猫的责任。)
When no one else stepped up, I took it upon myself to fix the broken window.
(没人站出来时,我主动去修了破窗户。)
You shouldn’t take upon yourself to quit your job without discussing it with me.
(你不该没和我商量就擅自辞职。)
He took it upon himself to give my phone number to a stranger—how rude!
(他居然擅自把我的手机号给了陌生人——太没礼貌了!)
Don’t take upon yourself to make decisions for the whole team; we need to vote.
(别擅自为整个团队做决定;我们得投票。)
同义词辨析:
“take on”也有“承担”的意思,但更侧重“接受(任务/挑战)”,而“take upon oneself”更强调“主动发起”(自己找上门做)。
“volunteer to do”(自愿做)是更口语的替代,但“take upon oneself”更正式。
语域:偏正式,常用于书面语或严肃的口语场景(日常对话中可能用“volunteer”“offer”更随意)。
总之,“take upon oneself”的关键是“主动/自主”——要么是“主动揽活”,要么是“主动越界”,具体含义要结合上下文判断。