"one another" 是相互代词(reciprocal pronoun),表示两个或多个主体之间的“互相/彼此”关系,强调动作或状态是双向/多向交互的。
传统语法中,两者有细微差异:
"each other" 更侧重两者之间的互相(e.g., 夫妻、两人小组);
"one another" 更侧重三者及以上的互相(e.g., 团队、班级、社区)。
但现代英语中,这种区别已逐渐模糊,多数情况下可以互换(尤其是日常口语)。比如:
The two friends help each other./The two friends help one another.(两位朋友互相帮助。)
The students in the class support one another./The students in the class support each other.(班里的学生互相支持。)
"one another" 主要作宾语或介词宾语,也可构成所有格形式 "one another’s"(表示“彼此的”)。
表示“互相做某事”,直接跟在及物动词后:
The teammates trust one another.(队友们彼此信任。)
The kids were hitting one another(playfully).(孩子们(闹着玩地)互相打。)
与介词搭配,说明“互相之间的方向/对象”:
They often talk to one another about their problems.(他们常互相谈论自己的问题。)
The neighbors wave at one another every morning.(邻居们每天早上互相挥手。)
表示“彼此的(所属关系)”:
They always borrow one another’s books.(他们总互相借彼此的书。)
The couple cares about one another’s feelings.(这对夫妻在意彼此的感受。)
不能拆分:"one another" 是固定短语,不能分开使用(如不说 "one the other")。
主语需为复数:因为是“互相”,主语必须是两个或多个主体(e.g., people, friends, teams)。
"one another" 本质是“互相/彼此”,用于描述多主体间的交互关系,用法灵活,与 "each other" 大部分场景可互换。记住核心:动作/状态是双向/多向的!
示例句再巩固:In a good friendship, people listen to and understand one another.(在一段好的友谊中,人们会倾听并理解彼此。)
The family members share one another’s joys and sorrows.(家人们分享彼此的喜悦与悲伤。)
The players high-fived one another after winning the game.(球员们赢球后互相击掌。)