"not only...but also..." 是英语中常用的递进关系连词短语,意为 "不仅……而且……",用于强调后者在程度、范围或重要性上比前者更进一层。
该短语的关键规则是:连接的成分必须保持语法结构一致(即"平行结构"),可连接名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或完整句子。以下是具体场景:
强调两者的并列,且后者更突出。
作主语:Not only my parents but also my sister supports my decision.(不仅我父母,我姐姐也支持我的决定。)
注:连接主语时,谓语动词遵循"就近原则"(与靠近的主语保持单复数一致),如上面的"supports"对应"my sister"(第三人称单数)。
作宾语:He likes not only basketball but also football.(他不仅喜欢篮球,还喜欢足球。)
作表语:She is not only a teacher but also a writer.(她不仅是老师,还是作家。)
强调动作的递进。
She not only sings beautifully but also plays the piano well.(她不仅唱得好,钢琴也弹得棒。)
They not only finished the project but also exceeded expectations.(他们不仅完成了项目,还超出了预期。)
强调特征或状态的递进。
形容词:The movie is not only interesting but also educational.(这部电影不仅有趣,还很有教育意义。)
副词:He spoke not only clearly but also confidently.(他说话不仅清晰,还很自信。)
强调地点、时间或方式的递进。
We traveled not only to Japan but also to South Korea last year.(去年我们不仅去了日本,还去了韩国。)
She studies not only in the library but also at home.(她不仅在图书馆学习,还在家学习。)
当"not only"置于句首时,前面的句子需要部分倒装(将助动词/情态动词/be动词提前),而"but also"后的句子保持正常语序。
Not only did he pass the exam, but also he got the highest score.(他不仅通过了考试,还得了最高分。)
(原句:He did pass the exam... → 倒装后:Did he pass...)
Not only is she smart, but also she works hard.(她不仅聪明,还很努力。)
(原句:She is smart... → 倒装后:Is she smart...)
若前后主语一致,"but also"后的主语可省略:
She not only reads a lot but also (she) writes novels.(她不仅读得多,还写小说。)
口语中常省略"also",简化为"not only...but...":
He not only plays football but (also) coaches kids.(他不仅踢足球,还教孩子。)
可替换为"not just...but also..."(更口语化):
It's not just a game but also a lesson.(这不仅是一场游戏,还是一堂课。)
不可拆分使用:不能只说"not only..."或"but also...",需成对出现(除非省略"also")。
平行结构要一致:避免连接不同语法成分,如错误句:He not only likes apples but also bananas.(正确应为:He likes not only apples but also bananas. 或 He not only likes apples but also eats bananas.)
倒装仅适用于"not only"放句首:若"not only"在句中,无需倒装,如:He not only passed the exam but also got the highest score.(正确,无倒装)
"not only...but also..." 是强调递进关系的核心短语,关键是保持"平行结构",连接不同成分时注意语法一致,句首倒装是高频考点。通过具体例子练习(如连接主语、宾语、句子),能快速掌握其用法~