英语短语"long since"是一个副词性短语,核心含义是“很久以前;早已;早就”,强调动作/状态从过去持续到现在(或过去某时间点前已完成),突出“时间久远”的结果。
1、 表示“很久以前”:相当于“a long time ago”,但更侧重“从那时到现在已过去很久”。
2、 表示“早已;早就”:强调动作/状态在过去某个时间点前已完成,且影响持续到现在。
“long since”常修饰现在完成时/过去完成时的动词,突出“动作早已完成”。
现在完成时(强调“到现在为止早已”):
The old factory has long since been closed.(这家老工厂早已倒闭。)
I have long since forgotten his name.(我早就忘了他的名字。)
过去完成时(强调“在过去某时间点前早已”):
By the time I got to the station, the train had long since left.(我到车站时,火车早就开走了。)
这是最常用的固定句型,意为“自从…以来已经很久了”。从句用一般过去时,主句常用“It's”(=It has been)省略。
It's long since we last met.(我们上次见面已经很久了。)
Is it long since you moved here?(你搬到这里很久了吗?)
It's not long since we started dating.(我们开始约会还没多久。)(否定形式表“时间不长”)
直接修饰整个句子,强调“时间久远”。
He left long since.(他很久以前就走了。)
Long since did she stop believing in fairy tales.(她早就不相信童话了。)(倒装结构,强调“long since”)
常与“die out, disappear, end, go”等词搭配,表“早已消失/结束”。
That tradition has long since died out.(那个传统早已消失。)
The glory of the empire is long since gone.(帝国的荣耀早已一去不复返。)
1、 long ago vs. long since:
“long ago”仅指“过去的某个时间点”(如“Long ago, there was a king.” 很久以前有个国王);
“long since”强调“从过去到现在的持续”(如“His story has long since been forgotten.” 他的故事早已被遗忘)。
2、 ever since vs. long since:
“ever since”是“自从…以来一直”(表持续),如I've loved her ever since I met her.(自从遇到她,我就一直爱她。);
“long since”是“早已”(表完成),如I've long since stopped loving her.(我早就不爱她了。)。
避免错误搭配:不能说“I long since saw her.”(缺少完成时),正确表达是“It's long since I saw her.”(我很久没见她了)。
否定形式:通常用“It's not long since…”表“时间不长”,而非“I haven't… long since”。
总结:“long since”核心是“时间久远的完成/持续”,常用完成时态或“It's long since + 从句”结构,突出“早已”的结果。