"in spite of" 是一个介词短语,核心含义为:尽管;不管;不顾(表示让步关系,即“虽然存在某种情况,但结果并未改变”)。
它的本质是介词,因此后面必须接名词、代词或动名词(v-ing),不能直接接从句(若要接从句,需借助 "the fact that" 转化为名词性结构)。
表示“尽管存在某事物/情况”。
In spite of the bad weather, we still enjoyed the trip.(尽管天气不好,我们还是享受了这次旅行。)
She succeeded in spite of all the difficulties.(尽管困难重重,她还是成功了。)
通常指代前文提到的事物或情况。
He went to work in spite of it(it 指代“生病”等前文提到的情况).(尽管如此,他还是去上班了。)
They won the game in spite of us(us 指代“我们的阻碍”等).(尽管我们阻拦,他们还是赢了比赛。)
表示“尽管做了某事”(动名词相当于名词,体现动作)。
In spite of feeling tired, she stayed up to finish the report.(尽管感到疲惫,她还是熬夜完成了报告。)
He passed the exam in spite of not studying hard.(尽管没努力学习,他还是通过了考试。)
若要表达“尽管(某个句子所述的情况)”,需用 "in spite of the fact that + 从句"("the fact that" 将从句转化为名词性结构,符合介词的要求)。
In spite of the fact that he is only 18, he runs his own company.(尽管他只有18岁,却经营着自己的公司。)
She didn’t give up in spite of the fact that everyone laughed at her.(尽管所有人都嘲笑她,她还是没有放弃。)
意为“不由自主地;情不自禁地”(表示“尽管自己不想,但还是做了某事”)。
She laughed in spite of herself when she saw his funny face.(看到他滑稽的脸,她不由自主地笑了。)
He felt proud in spite of himself at his daughter’s achievement.(尽管不想承认,他还是为女儿的成就感到骄傲。)
"in spite of" 和 "despite" 含义完全相同,可互换使用,但:
"despite" 更简洁(是 "in spite of" 的同义词),后面同样接名词/代词/动名词;
"in spite of" 更口语化,"despite" 更正式(但日常中两者差异很小)。
例:Despite the rain = In spite of the rain(尽管下雨)。
含义:尽管;不管;不顾
用法核心:接名词性成分(名词/代词/动名词),不直接接从句(需加 "the fact that")
固定搭配:in spite of oneself(不由自主地)
通过具体例子记忆会更清晰,建议多造句子练习~