英语短语"hold up"是一个多义动词短语,含义和用法需结合语境判断。以下是其核心意思、用法及例句,按常见程度排序:
指人、计划或交通等因外力而推迟、耽搁。
用法:常以被动语态(be held up by...)出现,或主动表示“导致延误”。
例句:
The train was held up by heavy snow for two hours.(火车因大雪延误了两小时。)
Don’t let minor issues hold up the project.(别让小问题阻碍项目进展。)
指物体或结构支撑住某物,或人承受住压力。
用法:及物动词,后接被支撑的对象。
例句:
Will this shelf hold up all these books?(这个架子能承受所有书的重量吗?)
She managed to hold up under the stress of her job.(她在工作压力下撑了过来。)
口语或新闻中常用,指持械抢劫场所(如便利店、银行)。
用法:及物动词,后接被抢劫的地点。
例句:
Two masked men held up a convenience store last night.(昨晚两个蒙面人抢劫了一家便利店。)
The bank was held up at gunpoint.(银行遭遇持枪抢劫。)
指将某物举高、展示给他人看。
用法:及物动词,后接被举起的物品。
例句:
Hold up your ID card so the security guard can check it.(举起你的身份证让保安检查。)
She held up her new phone and said, “Look what I bought!”(她举起新手机说:“看我买了什么!”)
指保持质量、声誉或状态不下降。
用法:常与well搭配(hold up well),表示“保持良好”。
例句:
The quality of their products has held up despite price cuts.(尽管降价,他们的产品质量仍保持不变。)
His reputation as a reliable worker has held up over the years.(他作为可靠员工的声誉多年来一直保持。)
日常对话中用于打断或暂停,相当于“wait a minute”。
用法:单独使用(祈使句),或后接补充说明。
例句:
Hold up—did you say you’re moving to London?(等一下——你说你要搬到伦敦?)
Hold up, let me grab my umbrella before we leave.(等一下,我拿把伞再走。)
"hold up" 作名词时,指“延误”或“抢劫”:
There was a hold-up on the highway due to an accident.(高速公路因事故发生延误。)
The police are investigating a hold-up at the jewelry store.(警方正在调查珠宝店的抢劫案。)
hold up vs. hold on:
"hold up" 侧重“延误、举起、抢劫”或“等一下(需暂停做某事)”;
"hold on" 侧重“坚持住、别挂电话”(如:Hold on, I’m coming! 等一下,我来了!/ Hold on, let me check. 等一下,我查一下。)
总结:"hold up" 的核心是“使停止或保持某种状态”,具体含义需结合语境判断。掌握以上6种常见用法,基本能覆盖日常和书面场景!