英语短语"for all"有两种核心含义及用法,需结合语境区分;此外还有常见的固定搭配,以下是详细解析:
作为连词或介词短语,用于引导让步状语,强调“虽然有某情况,但结果相反”,相当于:
连词:`although` / `even though`(后面接从句)
介词:`in spite of` / `despite`(后面接名词/代词/动名词)
1、 接名词/代词(介词用法):
直接修饰名词性成分,表示“尽管(有…)”。
For all his wealth, he’s never been happy.(尽管他很富有,却从未开心过。)
She’s a great leader for all her young age.(尽管她很年轻,却是个出色的领导者。)
2、 接从句(连词用法):
后面接完整的句子,强调让步逻辑。
For all he tried his best, he still lost the game.(尽管他尽了全力,还是输了比赛。)
For all you say, I still believe he’s innocent.(不管你说什么,我还是相信他是无辜的。)
3、 省略结构(常见口语/书面语):
当从句主语与主句主语一致,或从句含`be`动词时,可省略主语和`be`。
For all (he is) smart, he’s very lazy.(尽管他聪明,却很懒。)
作为介词短语,表示“涉及的全部对象”,相当于`for every`或`as far as...is concerned`。
This new policy is beneficial for all employees.(这项新政策对所有员工都有利。)
For all of us, family is the most important thing in life.(对我们所有人来说,家庭是生命中最重要的东西。)
The rule applies for all students in this school.(这条规则适用于本校所有学生。)
1、 for all I know:据我所知;说不定(表示信息不确定)
For all I know, he might have moved to another city.(据我所知,他可能已经搬到另一个城市了。)
She could be late—for all I know, her train was delayed.(她可能会迟到——说不定她的火车晚点了。)
2、 for all I care:我才不在乎呢;关我屁事(口语化,表冷漠)
You can leave early for all I care.(你要早退我才不管呢。)
He can quit his job for all I care—it’s not my problem.(他要辞职关我屁事——那不是我的问题。)
for all vs despite/in spite of:
三者都表“尽管”,但`despite`/`in spite of`只能接名词性成分(名词、代词、动名词);
`for all`既可以接名词性成分,也可以接从句(更灵活)。
例:
Despite his efforts, he failed.(= For all his efforts, he failed.)
Although he tried hard, he failed.(= For all he tried hard, he failed.)(despite无法接从句)
让步:后接名词/从句,表“尽管”;
范围:后接名词/代词,表“对所有…来说”;
固定搭配:`for all I know`(据我所知)、`for all I care`(我不在乎)。
通过例句和语境判断,就能准确使用`for all`啦!