要理解“addition to”,首先需要明确:它通常不单独使用,完整的常用短语是in addition to ——这是一个介词短语,是英语中表达“补充/累加”的核心搭配。
表示“除...之外(还有);加之;另外”,强调所补充的内容与前文提到的事物是并列、累加的关系(即“包含在内”,而非“排除在外”)。
介词短语后需接名词、代词或动名词(doing),可置于句首、句中或句末(句首时常加逗号)。
例:
In addition to English, she speaks French and Spanish.(除了英语,她还会说法语和西班牙语。)
We need to buy milk, bread, and eggs—in addition to these, some fruit.(我们需要买牛奶、面包和鸡蛋——除此之外,还要一些水果。)
例:
In addition to studying hard, he also plays sports every day.(除了努力学习,他每天还做运动。)
She earns money by tutoring in addition to working at a café.(除了在咖啡馆打工,她还靠做家教赚钱。)
句首:In addition to the rain, the wind made the trip unpleasant.(除了下雨,风也让旅途很糟糕。)
句中:He has a great sense of humor in addition to being smart.(他除了聪明,还很有幽默感。)
句末:I like hiking, swimming, and cycling in addition to running.(我喜欢徒步、游泳、骑行——还有跑步。)
两者都有“除了”的意思,但逻辑完全相反:
in addition to = 包含(补充额外内容)
例:We invited Mary in addition to John.(除了约翰,我们还邀请了玛丽。→ 两人都被邀请)
except = 排除(去掉某内容)
例:We invited everyone except John.(除了约翰,我们邀请了所有人。→ 约翰没被邀请)
如果去掉to ,in addition 是副词短语,单独使用表示“此外;另外”,用来补充整句话的信息(不接名词)。
例:
The apartment is spacious. In addition, it has a balcony.(这套公寓很宽敞。此外,它还有一个阳台。)
核心短语:in addition to(介词短语,表“除...之外还有”)
接词规则:后接名词/代词/动名词
逻辑:累加(包含)而非排除
易混淆:与except 的区分是关键
通过例句巩固:
✓ In addition to the homework, the teacher gave us a reading list.(除了作业,老师还给了我们一份阅读清单。)
✓ She’s good at painting in addition to playing the piano.(除了弹钢琴,她还擅长画画。)