“have difficulty doing”是英语中表达“做某事有困难”的常用短语,核心含义是描述某人在完成某动作或任务时遇到阻碍、费劲。
直接对应中文的“做…有困难”“做…费劲”,强调具体行为中的阻碍(而非抽象的“困难”概念)。
该短语的结构和搭配有明确规则,需注意以下几点:
主语:通常是人(表示“某人做某事有困难”);
doing sth.:必须接动名词(因为原结构是“have difficulty in doing sth.”,介词“in”可省略,所以后面跟动名词);
修饰词:可加限定词(some/no/any)或程度副词(great/little/much),修饰“困难的程度”。
无修饰词:I have difficulty understanding spoken English.(我理解英语口语有困难。)
加限定词:Do you have any difficulty finding the library?(你找图书馆有困难吗?)
She has no difficulty passing the driving test.(她通过驾照考试没困难。)
加程度副词:He has great difficulty solving math problems.(他解数学题有很大困难。)
We had little difficulty finishing the work on time.(我们按时完成工作几乎没困难。)
根据语境可调整“have”的时态(现在/过去/完成时等):
过去时:I had difficulty waking up this morning.(我今早起床很费劲。)
现在完成时:She has had difficulty sleeping lately.(她最近睡觉一直有困难。)
与“have difficulty doing”同义的表达还有:
have trouble doing sth.(更口语);
have a hard time doing sth.(强调“吃力”);
find it difficult to do sth.(需用不定式,结构不同但意思一致)。
❌ 错误:I have difficulty to learn French.(不能接不定式)
✅ 正确:I have difficulty learning French.(必须接动名词)
“have difficulty doing”是描述具体行为困难的固定搭配,记住“动名词”和“修饰词”的用法,就能准确表达“做某事有困难”的含义啦!