"help sb. to do sth." 是英语中常用的动词短语,核心含义和用法如下:
1、 主动语态中,"to" 可省略(最常见)
口语和书面语中,"help sb. do sth."(省略to)比 "help sb. to do sth." 更常用,两者语义完全一致。
I help my mom (to) cook dinner every weekend.(我每周帮妈妈做晚饭。)
Could you help me (to) carry this box?(你能帮我搬这个箱子吗?)
2、 被动语态中,"to" 必须保留
当句子用被动结构(即“某人被帮助做某事”)时,不定式符号 "to" 不能省略。
The old man was helped to cross the street by a student.(那位老人被一个学生搀扶着过马路。)
She was helped to finish her project on time.(她得到帮助,按时完成了项目。)
3、 不可接 "doing"
"help" 后不能接动名词(doing),只能接不定式(to do/do)。
❌ 错误:I help him learning English.
✅ 正确:I help him (to) learn English.(我帮他学英语。)
若要表达“帮助某人做某事”,还可以用 "help sb. with sth."(后接名词/代词,不接动作),与 "help sb. (to) do sth." 可互换。
I help my mom with dinner. = I help my mom (to) cook dinner.(我帮妈妈做晚饭。)
He helps me with my homework. = He helps me (to) do my homework.(他帮我做作业。)
核心:协助他人完成动作 → "help sb. (to) do sth."
主动省to,被动留to;不接doing;可与 "help with sth." 互换。
通过例句和结构对比,能更清晰掌握这个短语的用法~