“deprive…of”是英语中常用的动词短语,核心含义是“剥夺;使丧失;使不能享有”,强调通过某种方式让某人/某物失去原本拥有或应得的东西(可以是具体物品、抽象权利、能力或机会等)。
deprive(动词):本身表示“剥夺;使丧失”,是及物动词,但不能单独带宾语表达完整意思,必须通过“of”引出“被剥夺的具体内容”。
of(介词):连接“被剥夺者”与“被剥夺的事物”,说明“失去的对象”。
即:Sb./Sth. deprives sb./sth. of sth.
(主语是“实施剥夺的一方”,宾语是“被剥夺的一方”,“of”后是“被夺走的东西”)
即:Sb./Sth. is deprived of sth. (by sb./sth.)
(更常用,强调“被剥夺的状态”)
His sudden illness deprived him of the chance to attend the wedding.
他突然生病,使他失去了参加婚礼的机会。
The dictator deprived the people of their freedom of speech.
独裁者剥夺了人民的言论自由。
Lack of sleep deprives you of your ability to concentrate.
睡眠不足会让你丧失集中注意力的能力。
The flood deprived the farm of its harvest.
洪水使农场颗粒无收(剥夺了农场的收成)。
Pollution deprives the river of its clarity.
污染让这条河失去了清澈的水质。
Many children in war zones are deprived of basic education.
许多战区儿童被剥夺了基础教育的权利。
She felt angry because she had been deprived of the promotion she deserved.
她很生气,因为她被剥夺了应得的晋升机会。
1、 “of”后接名词/名词短语:不能接动词原形,若要表达“剥夺做某事的机会”,需将动词名词化(用动名词或名词形式):
❌ He deprived me of go abroad.(错误)
✅ He deprived me of the opportunity to go abroad.(正确:剥夺我出国的机会)
✅ Lack of exercise deprives you of sleeping well.(错误,应为“deprives you of good sleep”或“deprives you of the ability to sleep well”)
2、 与“rob…of…”的区别:
“deprive…of…”更偏向抽象或长期的丧失(如权利、能力、机会);
“rob…of…”更偏向具体的“抢夺”(如财物、物品),且主语通常是人(抢劫者):
e.g. A thief robbed her of her wallet.(小偷抢了她的钱包)
e.g. Illness deprived her of her mobility.(疾病使她丧失了行动能力)
deprive sb. of liberty 剥夺某人的自由
deprive sb. of rights 剥夺某人的权利
deprive sth. of its value 使某物失去价值
be deprived of oxygen 缺氧(医学场景常用)
总结:“deprive…of…”是表达“丧失/剥夺”的核心短语,关键是明确“谁被剥夺了什么”,通过主动或被动结构灵活使用,覆盖从个人权利到物品功能的多种场景。