它是动词短语,主语通常是“人”(或有体温的生物),核心结构为:
主语 + shiver with cold(主动语态,无被动)一般现在时:描述“常态/习惯性”的寒冷发抖(如季节、环境导致的重复反应)。
例:I always shiver with cold when I wait for the bus in winter.(冬天等公交时,我总冻得发抖。)
现在进行时:强调“正在发生”的发抖(此刻因寒冷而颤抖)。
例:Look at the little girl—she’s shivering with cold because she forgot her coat.(看那个小女孩——她没带外套,正冷得发抖。)
一般过去时:描述过去某时因寒冷发抖的经历。
例:We shivered with cold all night in the tent during the camping trip.(露营时,我们在帐篷里冻了一整夜。)
可加程度副词修饰“shiver”(如 violently 剧烈地、slightly 轻微地),增强画面感:
例:He was shivering violently with cold after falling into the lake.(掉进湖里后,他冷得剧烈发抖。)
可与“be”动词搭配构成进行时,或与“start/begin to”连用表示“开始发抖”:
例:As the wind picked up, she started to shiver with cold.(风变大时,她开始冷得发抖。)
shake with cold:更侧重“大幅度抖动”(可能因极度寒冷或恐惧),而“shiver”更强调“小幅度、持续的颤栗”(更贴合“冷”的生理反应)。
chatter with cold:特指“牙齿打颤”(常与 teeth 搭配:teeth chatter with cold)。
"shiver with cold" 是描述“因冷发抖”的常用短语,突出寒冷→颤抖的因果关系,口语和书面语都适用,关键是结合时态和语境体现“何时/如何发抖”。