它既可以描述主动决定(如店主因盈利不佳主动关门),也可以指被动强制(如因政策、债务或不可抗力被迫停业)。
主动语态:主语通常是企业所有者、经营者或决策方(如老板、管理层),强调“主动关闭”。
例:The shop owner decided to close the business after 20 years.(这家店的老板在经营20年后决定关闭生意。)
被动语态:主语是“business”本身,强调“被关闭”的结果(常搭配原因状语)。
例:The restaurant was closed due to repeated health code violations.(这家餐厅因多次违反卫生规定被关闭。)
"close down a business":与"close a business"完全同义,更口语化,强调“彻底终止”。
例:Many small businesses closed down during the pandemic.(疫情期间许多小企业倒闭了。)
"close one's business":用形容词性物主代词(one's)明确“某人的生意”,更强调归属。
例:She closed her online business to focus on her family.(她关闭了自己的网店,专注于家庭。)
永久性关闭(最常见):因亏损、退休、市场变化等彻底停止运营。
例:After years of losing money, they finally closed the business.(亏损多年后,他们终于关闭了生意。)
暂时性关闭:因装修、假期、政策等短期停止,后续可能恢复。
例:The gym will close its business for maintenance next week.(这家健身房下周将停业维修。)
注意与 "close a business deal" 区分:
"close a business deal" 中的"close"意为“完成、敲定”,指“达成生意/交易”,与“关闭企业”无关。
例:They worked all night to close the business deal with the client.(他们连夜工作,与客户敲定了这笔生意。)
"close a business" 是描述“企业停业/关闭”的通用表达,核心是终止运营,具体是永久还是暂时需结合上下文判断。日常使用中,常与"close down"互换,被动语态更强调“被迫”的结果。
例句 recap:主动:We're going to close the business at the end of the year.(我们打算年底关闭生意。)
被动:All non-essential businesses were closed during the lockdown.(封锁期间所有非必需企业都停业了。)
暂时:The bakery closes its business every Sunday.(这家面包店每周日停业。)