“not only…but also”是英语中表示递进关系的核心短语,意为“不仅……而且……”,用于强调两个相关的内容,且后者在程度、重要性或范围上更进一层。
连接两个并列且递进的成分,突出“后者比前者更甚”或“两者兼具”。例如:
She is not only a teacher but also a writer.(她不仅是老师,还是作家。)
The movie is not only funny but also thought-provoking.(这部电影不仅有趣,还发人深省。)
“not only…but also”可连接名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、从句等,需保持前后成分的平行结构(即语法形式一致)。
谓语动词遵循“就近原则”(与靠近的主语保持一致)。
例:Not only my parents but also my sister is coming to the party.(不仅我父母,我妹妹也会来派对。)
(谓语“is”与“my sister”一致)
前后动词形式需一致(如均为原形、不定式、动名词等)。
例:He not only reads books but also writes them.(他不仅读书,还写书。)
例:She not only wants to travel but also (to) learn new languages.(她不仅想旅行,还想学习新语言。)
(不定式“to”可省略,保持平行)
强调性质或状态的递进。
例:The cake is not only sweet but also creamy.(这蛋糕不仅甜,还丝滑。)
例:He runs not only fast but also smoothly.(他不仅跑得快,还跑得稳。)
例:We went not only to the museum but also to the park.(我们不仅去了博物馆,还去了公园。)
若“not only”置于句首,其后的分句需部分倒装(助动词/情态动词提前),但“but also”后的分句不倒装。
例:Not only did she win the competition, but also she broke the record.(她不仅赢得了比赛,还打破了纪录。)
(not only在句首,助动词“did”提前,原句“she won”变为“did she win”)
例:Not only had he finished his work, but also he helped others.(他不仅完成了自己的工作,还帮助了别人。)
1、 省略“also”:口语中常简化为“not only… but…”,含义不变。
例:He is not only tall but handsome.(他不仅高,还帅。)
2、 省略重复成分:若前后主语/宾语一致,可省略重复部分。
例:She not only sings well but also dances beautifully.(她不仅唱歌好,还跳舞美。)
(省略了第二个“she”)
1、 平行结构:前后连接的成分需语法一致(避免“前动词+后名词”等混乱)。
❌ 错误:He not only plays football but also swimming.(前动词,后动名词)
✅ 正确:He not only plays football but also swims.(均为动词)
2、 就近原则:连接主语时,谓语与“but also”后的主语一致。
例:Not only you but also I am responsible.(不仅你,我也有责任。)(谓语“am”与“I”一致)
3、 倒装限制:仅当“not only”置于句首且修饰整个分句时,才需倒装;若“not only”在句中,则无需倒装。
例:She not only speaks English but also French.(句中,不倒装)
例:Not only does she speak English, but also she speaks French.(句首,倒装)
not only… but…(口语简化)
not only… also…(非正式)
as well as(但强调“前者”,而“not only…but also”强调“后者”)
例:He is brave as well as strong.(强调“勇敢”)
例:He is not only strong but also brave.(强调“勇敢”)
总结:“not only…but also”是表达“递进关系”的黄金短语,关键要保持平行结构、注意就近原则,句首时需部分倒装。通过大量例句练习,能快速掌握其用法!