"look over one's shoulder"是一个常用的英语短语,有字面意义和引申意义,具体解释及用法如下:
根据权威词典(如《牛津词典》),该短语主要有两种解读:
1、 字面意义:从某人的肩膀上方看过去(目的是查看对方正在做的事);
2、 引申意义(更常用):警惕、提防、提心吊胆(因担心危险、背叛或麻烦,时刻留意身后/周围的状态)。
强调“通过俯身或探头从某人肩膀上方观察”,通常用于好奇或检查对方的活动(如写字、打字、看手机等)。
Can you look over my shoulder and tell me if this report makes sense?
(你能从我的肩膀上看一下,告诉我这份报告通不通吗?)
The little boy looked over his sister's shoulder to see her drawing.
(小男孩从姐姐的肩膀上看过去,想看看她画的是什么。)
The teacher caught him cheating when she looked over his shoulder.
(老师从他肩膀上看过去时,发现他在作弊。)
强调“因潜在威胁而时刻戒备”,多源于过去的行为(如得罪人、暴露秘密、涉及危险事件)导致的不安全感。
After testifying against the gang, he's been looking over his shoulder everywhere he goes.
(自从指证那个帮派后,他走到哪里都提心吊胆。)
She quit her job abruptly and now feels like she has to look over her shoulder all the time.
(她突然辞职,现在觉得无论何时都得提防着。)
The thief was looking over his shoulder as he ran away from the store.
(小偷从商店跑出来时,一边跑一边回头张望[警惕被抓]。)
结构固定:需搭配形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/our/their),即“look over + 物主代词 + shoulder”;
语境区分:字面义侧重“观察他人行为”,引申义侧重“心理上的戒备”;
常见搭配:可与表示频率的副词连用(如constantly/always),强化“持续警惕”的状态:
He's always looking over his shoulder since he stole the money.(自从偷了钱,他一直提心吊胆。)
"look over one's shoulder"的核心是“看肩膀后方/上方”,但更常用的是其引申义——因担心危险而时刻戒备。理解时需结合上下文判断是“字面观察”还是“心理警惕”。