“shut in”是一个多义短语,可作动词短语或形容词/名词使用,核心含义围绕“封闭、限制在内部”展开。以下是详细解析:
指将人、动物或物体强制限制在某个封闭空间内(不让外出/出来)。
例句:
Please don’t shut the cat in the bathroom—it hates small spaces.(别把猫关在浴室里,它讨厌小空间。)
The old man was shut in his room by his greedy relatives.(老人被贪婪的亲戚关在房间里。)
强调因天气、环境等客观原因“被困住”,无法外出或移动。
例句:
A heavy snowstorm shut us in for a whole week.(一场暴风雪把我们困了整整一周。)
The thick fog shut in the mountain village, cutting it off from the outside world.(浓雾笼罩了山村,使它与外界隔绝。)
指因健康问题(如重病、残疾)或心理原因长期无法离开家的人,可作名词(指人)或形容词(修饰人/生活状态)。
例句:
After the accident, she became a shut-in and rarely spoke to anyone.(事故后,她成了足不出户的人,很少和人说话。)
The charity provides meals for shut-in elderly people.(慈善机构为足不出户的老人提供餐食。)
He lives a shut-in life due to severe agoraphobia.(他因严重的广场恐惧症过着闭门不出的生活。)
1、 动词短语的搭配:
直接接宾语:shut sb./sth. in (sth.)(把…关在…里),如“shut the child in the playroom”(把孩子关在游戏室)。
被动形式:be shut in(被困/被关),如“We were shut in by the flood”(我们被洪水困住了)。
2、 形容词/名词的区分:
作名词时,直接指“足不出户的人”(a shut-in);
作形容词时,修饰名词(如shut-in life/elderly)。
shut in vs. shut out:
“shut in”是“关在里面;困住”(强调“内部”);
“shut out”是“关在外面;排除”(强调“外部”),如“shut out the noise”(隔绝噪音)。
shut in vs. lock up:
“shut in”更强调“封闭空间”,不一定用锁;
“lock up”侧重“用锁锁住”,如“lock up the house”(锁上门)。
通过以上解析,“shut in”的核心逻辑是“限制在内部空间”,无论是主动关人/物,还是被动被困,或描述无法外出的状态,都围绕这一逻辑展开。