"out of joint"是一个多义英语短语，核心含义围绕“偏离正常状态”，可分为字面义和引申义，并衍生出常见固定搭配。以下是详细解析：
指（关节）脱臼、错位（医学/生理语境）。
结构：主语 + be out of joint
例句：
He fell while playing basketball and his elbow was out of joint.（他打篮球时摔倒，手肘脱臼了。）
The doctor popped the dislocated finger back into place—it was out of joint for 10 minutes.（医生把脱臼的手指复位了——它错位了10分钟。）
从“关节错位”延伸为“系统/状态混乱、失调”或“与环境不合拍”。
指原本有序的事物变得杂乱无章、无法正常运作。
语境：常用于描述组织、计划、生活等的混乱状态。
例句：
After the pandemic, global supply chains were completely out of joint.（疫情后，全球供应链彻底混乱。）
His sleep schedule is out of joint—he stays up until 3 AM every night.（他的作息失调了——每晚熬到凌晨3点。）
指某人的言论、行为或某物与当前环境、氛围或预期不符。
语境：强调“错位感”（如语气、风格、时机不当）。
例句：
Joking about layoffs at a company meeting was totally out of joint.（在公司会议上拿裁员开玩笑完全不合时宜。）
Her formal dress looked out of joint at the casual beach party.（她的正式礼服在 casual 的海滩派对上显得格格不入。）
意为“惹某人生气；让某人嫉妒/不爽”（因抢占了对方的关注或利益）。
结构：put + 某人 + 's nose out of joint
例句：
She put her roommate's nose out of joint by taking all the credit for their project.（她把项目功劳全揽在自己身上，惹得室友很生气。）
Getting invited to the boss's dinner put his colleagues' noses out of joint.（被邀请去老板家吃饭让他的同事们很嫉妒。）
| 含义 | 语境 | 例句模板 |
|---|---|---|
| 关节脱臼 | 受伤/医学场景 | His [body part] was out of joint. |
| 系统混乱 | 组织、计划、生活失调 | The [system/plans] were out of joint. |
| 不合时宜 | 言行/事物与环境不符 | [Something] was out of joint with [context]. |
| 惹人生气/嫉妒 | 人际关系中的利益冲突 | [Someone] put [sb.]'s nose out of joint. |
这个短语的核心逻辑是“偏离正常位置/状态”，无论是生理上的脱臼，还是抽象的混乱、不合拍，都围绕这一核心展开。掌握不同语境下的含义，就能准确使用啦！