"jet lag"是不可数名词,指长途跨时区飞行后产生的时差反应(因生物钟与目的地时间不一致导致的疲劳、失眠、注意力不集中等症状)。
字面可理解为“喷气式飞机滞后反应”(因早期长途飞行主要靠喷气式飞机得名)。
have/get jet lag:患有/出现时差反应
例:I always have jet lag after flying to Europe from Asia.(我从亚洲飞欧洲后总会有时差反应。)
suffer from jet lag:遭受时差反应之苦
例:She’s suffering from terrible jet lag after her 12-hour flight.(12小时飞行后,她深受严重时差反应困扰。)
get over jet lag:克服/适应时差反应
例:It usually takes me 2-3 days to get over jet lag.(我通常需要2-3天适应时差。)
cope with/deal with jet lag:应对时差反应
例:Drinking plenty of water helps to cope with jet lag.(多喝水有助于应对时差。)
用程度形容词修饰:bad/terrible/awful/severe jet lag(严重的时差反应)
例:The bad jet lag made me miss the morning meeting.(严重的时差让我错过了早会。)
用"a case of"表示“一例/一次”(因jet lag不可数,需借"case"量化):
例:He’s got a really bad case of jet lag from his trip to Australia.(他去澳大利亚旅行后时差反应很严重。)
"jet-lagged"是形容词,用来描述“处于时差反应状态的人”,常作表语或定语。
例1:I feel so jet-lagged—I couldn’t sleep last night.(我倒时差倒得厉害——昨晚根本睡不着。)
例2:The jet-lagged tourists struggled to stay awake during the tour.(倒不过时差的游客们在游览时努力保持清醒。)
After flying from New York to Tokyo, I had such bad jet lag that I woke up at 3 a.m. every night.(从纽约飞东京后,我时差反应很严重,每晚3点就醒。)
To avoid jet lag, try adjusting your sleep schedule a few days before your trip.(为避免时差反应,可在旅行前几天调整睡眠 schedule。)
The team’s performance was affected by jet lag after their transatlantic flight.(跨大西洋飞行后,球队的表现受时差影响。)
总结:"jet lag"聚焦“时差反应”这一状态,而"jet-lagged"则描述“处于该状态的人”,二者是名词与形容词的对应,日常使用中需注意搭配的准确性~