"draw lots" 是一个动词短语,字面意为“抽取签/阄”,实际表示通过随机抽选(如抽签、抓阄)的方式决定某件事(通常用于无法达成一致或需要公平分配的场景)。
"draw lots" 是不及物短语,需结合介词短语或不定式说明“抽签的目的”或“针对的对象”,常见搭配有:
表示“抽签以决定做某事/谁来做某事”(不定式表目的)。
We drew lots to see who would cook dinner tonight.(我们抽签决定今晚谁做饭。)
When no one volunteered, we had to draw lots to choose the leader.(没人自愿时,我们只好抽签选组长。)
表示“为了获得/分配某物而抽签”(for引出抽签的对象)。
They drew lots for the last ticket to the concert.(他们抽签争夺演唱会的最后一张票。)
The kids drew lots for the biggest piece of cake.(孩子们抽签抢最大的那块蛋糕。)
当强调“抽签的动作由他人完成”或用于正式语境时,可用被动语态。
The order of the speakers was decided by drawing lots.(演讲者的顺序通过抽签决定。)
Lots will be drawn tomorrow to assign the rooms.(明天会抽签分配房间。)
同义词:"cast lots"(更偏向书面/宗教语境,如《圣经》中常用),但"draw lots"更口语化、常用。
时态变化:过去式 drew lots,现在分词 drawing lots,第三人称单数 draws lots(极少用,因为抽签通常是多人行为)。
At the party, we drew lots to pick the lucky winner of the gift.(聚会上,我们抽签选出礼物的幸运得主。)
Since we couldn’t agree on the movie, we drew lots to choose between action and comedy.(因为选不上电影,我们抽签决定看动作片还是喜剧片。)
The teams drew lots to determine which side they would play on.(两队抽签决定各自的场地。)
简言之,"draw lots" 是公平随机决策的常用表达,适用于需要“避免争议、确保机会均等”的场景~