“dispose of”是英语中常用的动词短语,核心含义是“处理;处置;解决;摆脱”,具体用法需结合语境理解。以下是详细解析:
“dispose of”本质是“使(事物/问题)不再存在或不再成为麻烦”,强调“终结状态”(将某物/事从当前场景中移除或解决)。
根据宾语的不同,“dispose of”可分为四大类场景:
用于处理不需要的物品(垃圾、旧物等),或按照规则处理废弃物。
Please dispose of the empty bottles in the recycling bin.(请把空瓶扔进回收箱。)
We need to dispose of this broken furniture before the new one arrives.(新家具到之前,我们得处理掉这张破家具。)
The factory disposes of its chemical waste safely to avoid pollution.(工厂安全处理化学废物,避免污染。)
用于快速或彻底解决某件事(如投诉、任务、争议等)。
The manager disposed of the customer’s complaint in 10 minutes.(经理10分钟内解决了顾客的投诉。)
Let’s dispose of this paperwork first—then we can take a break.(先处理完这些文件,再休息。)
The committee will dispose of the proposal at next week’s meeting.(委员会将在下周会议上处理这项提案。)
用于“去除”麻烦的人、对手或障碍,语气偏正式(有时带贬义)。
He wanted to dispose of his noisy neighbor but didn’t know how.(他想摆脱吵闹的邻居,却不知如何是好。)
The team disposed of their opponents easily with a 4-0 win.(球队以4-0轻松击败对手。)
The company finally disposed of its unprofitable division.(公司最终砍掉了不盈利的部门。)
用于法律或商业语境,指“分配、出售或转让”财产(如遗产、股份等)。
She disposed of all her shares in the company last year.(她去年卖掉了公司的所有股份。)
The will specifies how he wants to dispose of his estate.(遗嘱明确了他对遗产的处置意愿。)
They disposed of the family farm to pay off debts.(他们卖掉了家庭农场还债。)
必须加“of”:“dispose”是及物动词时意为“使倾向于”(如be disposed to do sth“倾向于做某事”),但“处理/解决”的含义必须用“dispose of”,不能省略“of”(错误:dispose the trash;正确:dispose of the trash)。
被动语态:常见结构是“sth is disposed of”(某物被处理),如:The old computer was disposed of properly.(旧电脑被妥善处理了。)
get rid of:更口语化,强调“摆脱”(如get rid of pests“除虫”);
deal with:更侧重“应对”(不一定“终结”,如deal with a problem“应对问题”);
discard:仅指“丢弃”(侧重“不再需要”,如discard old clothes“扔旧衣服”)。
总结:“dispose of”是一个多功能短语,核心是“终结某事物的存在或影响”,需根据宾语(物品/问题/人/财产)判断具体含义。