表示“做某事有困难/麻烦;做某事吃力”,强调在完成某个动作或任务时遇到阻碍、不顺利。
1、 基本结构:
主语(人/物) + have/has/had (trouble) + (in) + 动名词(doing sth.)
其中"in"可以省略(尤其是口语中,省略后更简洁);
"trouble"是不可数名词,前面可加修饰词(如"some/a lot of/much"等),表示困难的程度。
2、 常见变体与同义词组:
替换"trouble":可与"difficulty"(困难)、"problems"(问题)互换,结构不变:
→ have difficulty (in) doing sth.(做某事有困难)
→ have problems (in) doing sth.(做某事有问题)
后接名词/代词:若要表达“在某事物上有困难”,用have trouble with sth.(注意介词是"with",不是"in"):
→ I have trouble with my new phone.(我的新手机有问题。)
3、 句式变形:
否定句:主语 + don't/doesn't/didn't + have trouble (in) doing sth.(做某事没有困难)
→ She doesn't have trouble in making friends.(她交朋友没困难。)
疑问句:Do/Does/Did + 主语 + have trouble (in) doing sth.?(做某事有困难吗?)
→ Do you have trouble in understanding spoken English?(你理解英语口语有困难吗?)
I have a lot of trouble (in) remembering people's names.(我记人名很吃力。)
He had trouble (in) finding his way to the museum.(他找不到去博物馆的路。)
Do you have any trouble (in) using this app?(你用这个应用有问题吗?)
They don't have trouble (in) adapting to the new school.(他们适应新学校没困难。)
"have trouble in doing sth." 是表达“做某事有困难”的常用短语,in可省,后接动名词;若接名词/代词,需换成"with"。掌握它的变体(如"have difficulty in doing"),能更灵活地在口语/写作中使用。