"abandon oneself to" 表示完全沉浸于、放纵于、纵情于(某种情绪、行为或状态),强调失去自我控制,全身心投入某件事(通常是难以自拔的情绪或极端的行为,可消极也可中性/积极)。
该短语为及物动词短语,需遵循以下结构:
关键细节:
1、 反身代词:oneself 需与主语保持一致(如 I → myself,he → himself,they → themselves 等);
2、 介词 to:后面必须接名词或动名词(不能接动词原形或从句);
3、 语境倾向:常用来描述强烈的、失控的状态(如悲伤、绝望、享乐、热爱等)。
通过不同语境的例子,更直观理解用法:
1、 消极情绪/行为(最常见):
When his business failed, he abandoned himself to alcohol.(生意失败后,他沉迷于酗酒。)
She couldn’t stop crying and abandoned herself to grief after her dog died.(狗死后,她止不住哭,陷入了悲痛。)
2、 中性/积极状态(强调“全身心投入”):
Abandoning herself to the music, she danced like no one was watching.(她沉浸在音乐中,旁若无人地跳舞。)
He abandoned himself to the joy of fatherhood when his daughter was born.(女儿出生时,他纵情享受当父亲的喜悦。)
与类似表达的细微差别:
indulge in:侧重“主动享受、放纵”(更可控,如 "indulge in chocolate" 偶尔吃巧克力);
give oneself over to:与 "abandon oneself to" 几乎同义,但更正式;
yield to:侧重“屈服于(压力/情绪)”(如 "yield to temptation" 屈服于诱惑)。
该短语无被动语态(主语是人,反身代词是动作的承受者,逻辑上主动);
避免过度使用于日常轻描淡写的场景(如“我沉迷于看剧”更常用 "I’m addicted to watching TV",而 "abandon oneself to" 更强调“失控的沉浸”)。
总结:"abandon oneself to" 是描述极端投入状态的有力表达,关键是抓住“失去自我控制”的核心,结合反身代词和介词 to 的搭配即可正确使用。