"have a temperature" 是英语中表示“发烧”“体温升高”的常用短语,强调人体体温超过正常范围的状态(正常体温约36-37℃)。
它与 "have a fever" 同义,但英式英语更常用 "have a temperature",美式英语更常用 "have a fever",两者可互换。
该短语是“动词+冠词+名词”的固定搭配,核心是描述“发烧的状态”,需注意以下几点:
一般现在时:主语为第三人称单数(he/she/it)时,用 has a temperature;其他人称用 have a temperature。
一般过去时:统一用 had a temperature(无论主语)。
可通过修饰词说明发烧的程度或状态:
high temperature:发高烧(e.g. She has a high temperature—over 39℃. 她发高烧,超过39度。)
slight/mild temperature:轻微发烧(e.g. He only has a slight temperature, no need to worry. 他只是有点低烧,不用着急。)
low temperature:体温略低(较少见,通常指“低烧”或体温异常偏低)
询问健康状况:Do you have a temperature? 你发烧了吗?
描述自身/他人状态:I think I have a temperature—I feel hot and tired. 我好像发烧了,感觉又热又累。
医生/护士的表述:The patient had a temperature when he arrived at the hospital. 病人到医院时正在发烧。
不能省略不定冠词 a:正确表达是 "have a temperature",而非 "have temperature"(错误)。
与 "take one's temperature" 区分:"take one's temperature" 是“量体温”(动作),而 "have a temperature" 是“发烧”(状态)。例如:
Let me take your temperature first. 我先给你量个体温。
Oh, you have a temperature! 哦,你发烧了!
1、 I didn’t go to school today because I have a temperature. 我今天没上学,因为我发烧了。
2、 Does your little sister have a temperature? She looks flushed. 你妹妹发烧了吗?她脸红红的。
3、 He had a high temperature last night, so we took him to the ER. 他昨晚发高烧,所以我们送他去了急诊。
4、 If you have a temperature for more than three days, see a doctor. 如果你发烧超过三天,要去看医生。
总之,"have a temperature" 是口语和书面语中都很常用的“发烧”表达,记住固定搭配和语法变化即可灵活使用~