"undermine" 本义是“在…下面挖洞(使基础动摇)”,引申为逐渐削弱、暗中破坏;"one's reputation" 指“某人的声誉/名声”。因此整个短语的意思是:
暗中损害/逐渐破坏某人的声誉(强调过程是“渐进的、潜移默化的”,而非直接彻底摧毁)。该短语是及物动词短语,结构为:`主语(破坏的源头) + undermine + 宾语(sb's reputation)`,或用被动语态 `sb's reputation + be undermined + (by 破坏的源头)`。
通常是具体行为、言论、事件或持续的负面影响,比如:
谣言/虚假信息(false rumors/gossip);
不当行为(unethical behavior);
丑闻(scandal);
恶意指控(malicious accusations);
反复的失误(repeated mistakes)。
主动句:
False rumors about her private life undermined her reputation as a professional actress.
(关于她私人生活的谣言逐渐损害了她作为职业演员的声誉。)
His constant late arrivals and unprofessional remarks undermined his reputation as a reliable colleague.
(他频繁迟到和不专业的言论逐渐破坏了他作为可靠同事的名声。)
被动句:
The politician's reputation has been undermined by a series of corruption allegations.
(这位政治家的声誉因一系列腐败指控而受损。)
Her reputation as a trustworthy friend was undermined when she spread lies about others.
(当她散布别人的谣言时,她作为可信朋友的名声就被削弱了。)
undermine vs. ruin/destroy:
"ruin/destroy one's reputation" 强调彻底摧毁(比如一次重大丑闻直接让名声崩塌);而 "undermine" 更侧重缓慢、隐性的削弱(比如长期的小失误或谣言累积)。
例:The fraud scandal ruined his reputation overnight.(欺诈丑闻让他一夜之间身败名裂。)
The constant negative press undermined his reputation over time.(长期的负面报道逐渐损害了他的声誉。)
"undermine one's reputation" 是描述“声誉被渐进式破坏”的常用表达,适用于职场、公众人物、人际关系等场景,强调“潜移默化的负面影响”。使用时需明确“破坏的源头”(主语)和“受损的对象”(sb's reputation),也可灵活转换为被动语态。