英语短语be lost是由“be动词 + 过去分词lost”构成的状态表达,核心含义是“处于丢失/迷路/困惑/沉浸的状态”,具体义项和用法需结合语境判断,以下是详细解析:
lost是动词lose(丢失;失去)的过去分词,“be lost”侧重状态描述(而非动作),常见义项如下:
指“找不到方向/位置”,多用于人或动物在陌生环境中迷失。
搭配:常接in + 地点(表示“在...中迷路”)。
例句:
We were lost in the mountains for three hours.(我们在山里迷路了三个小时。)
The little dog was lost in the park yesterday.(这只小狗昨天在公园走失了。)
指物品“找不到了”,强调“已丢失的状态”(区别于动作“lose”)。
例句:
My passport is lost—I need to apply for a new one.(我的护照丢了——我得办新的。)
Is this your umbrella? It was lost at the café.(这是你的伞吗?它丢在咖啡馆了。)
指对某件事“摸不着头脑、无法理解”,常接with/at/about(表示“对...困惑”)。
例句:
I am lost with this new computer system.(这个新的电脑系统让我完全懵了。)
She was lost for words when he proposed.(他求婚时,她不知所措,说不出话来。)
(常用搭配be lost in)指“完全投入某件事,忽略周围”,多接抽象名词(如thought、music、work等)。
例句:
He was lost in thought and didn’t hear the doorbell.(他陷入沉思,没听见门铃响。)
She gets lost in her painting for hours every day.(她每天沉浸在绘画中好几个小时。)
1、 时态变化:
一般现在时(am/is/are lost):描述当前状态(如“My phone is lost.” 我的手机现在丢了。)
一般过去时(was/were lost):描述过去状态(如“We were lost yesterday.” 我们昨天迷路了。)
现在完成时(have/has been lost):强调“从过去到现在仍处于丢失状态”(如“The ring has been lost for a week.” 戒指已经丢了一周了。)
2、 常见固定搭配:
be lost in translation:翻译中流失/误解(指原义因翻译而无法传达)。
例:The joke was lost in translation—no one laughed.(这个笑话翻译后没了笑点——没人笑。)
be lost on sb.:对某人不起作用/某人没理解。
例:My advice was lost on him—he did it anyway.(我的建议对他没用——他还是那么做了。)
3、 与“lose”“get lost”的区别:
lose:动词,强调“丢失”的动作(如“I lost my keys.” 我丢了钥匙。)
be lost:状态,强调“已丢失”的结果(如“My keys are lost.” 我的钥匙丢了。)
get lost:动作+状态,强调“变得迷路/丢失”(如“I got lost on the way here.” 我来这儿的路上迷路了。);口语中还可表示“滚开”(如“Get lost! I don’t want to talk to you.” 滚开!我不想理你。)
义项 | 例句 |
---|---|
迷路 | The tourists were lost in the old town. |
丢失 | Her watch is lost—she’s really upset. |
困惑 | I am lost when it comes to physics. |
沉浸 | He was lost in his favorite song. |