“black out”是一个多义短语动词,核心含义围绕“(使)变黑/消失/无法感知”,具体意思需结合语境判断。以下是最常见的义项、用法及示例:
指因受伤、缺氧、疲劳或疾病等突然失去知觉。
示例:
He blacked out after hitting his head on the floor.(他头撞在地板上后昏了过去。)
I felt dizzy and then suddenly blacked out.(我觉得头晕,然后突然昏厥了。)
指电力供应中断,或主动切断电源。
示例:
A severe storm blacked out the entire city last night.(昨晚一场暴雨导致整座城市停电。)
The power company blacked out the neighborhood for maintenance.(电力公司为维修切断了该区域的电源。)
指官方或人为隐藏、删除信息(常含“审查”意味)。
示例:
The government blacked out all news about the protest.(政府封锁了有关抗议的所有新闻。)
Please black out your phone number on the form before sharing it.(分享表格前,请把你的电话号码涂掉。)
The classified parts of the report were blacked out by censors.(报告中的机密部分被审查人员删去了。)
指因酒精或药物影响,无法回忆某段时间的经历。
示例:
I drank too much last night and blacked out—I don’t remember leaving the bar.(我昨晚喝多了,断片了——不记得自己离开酒吧的事。)
She blacked out during the party and woke up in a stranger’s car.(她在派对上断片,醒来时在陌生人的车里。)
指因体位变化(如突然站起)或缺氧导致短暂视觉丧失。
示例:
When I stood up too fast, I blacked out for a second.(我站起来太快,眼前一黑,几秒钟才缓过来。)
“black out”的名词形式是blackout,对应上述含义:
停电:a power blackout(电力中断)
记忆空白:a memory blackout(断片)
新闻封锁:a news blackout(新闻管制)
昏厥:a sudden blackout(突然昏厥)
及物vs.不及物:
表示“昏厥/失忆/眼前一黑”时,是不及物(主语是人,无宾语);
表示“停电/封锁/删去”时,是及物(可接宾语,如“black out the city”“black out the news”)。
被动语态:若强调“被封锁/被删去”,可用被动(如“The news was blacked out”)。
总结:“black out”的核心是“让某事物(意识、电力、信息等)暂时消失或无法获取”,具体意思需结合上下文判断。