“throw off”是一个多义的短语动词,核心含义围绕“摆脱、释放、快速处理”展开,具体意思需结合上下文判断。以下是其常见含义、用法及例句:
指“脱离(负面事物、束缚或跟踪者)”,强调“主动摆脱”。
搭配:后接负面事物(如疾病、情绪、麻烦)或追踪者。
例句:
She finally threw off her chronic fatigue after changing her lifestyle.(她改变生活方式后,终于摆脱了慢性疲劳。)
The suspect threw off the police by taking a shortcut through the alley.(嫌疑人抄小巷捷径甩掉了警察。)
This medicine helps you throw off a cold faster.(这种药能帮你更快摆脱感冒。)
指“发出(光、热、气味等)”,通常用于无生命物体。
搭配:后接自然或人造的释放物(如heat、smell、light)。
例句:
The campfire throws off enough heat to keep us warm.(篝火散发出足够的热量让我们取暖。)
That old fridge throws off a strange smell—we should get it fixed.(那台旧冰箱散发出怪味,我们得修一修。)
The sun throws off ultraviolet rays that can harm your skin.(太阳释放的紫外线会伤害皮肤。)
指“快速、随意地脱掉”,强调动作的急切或随意。
搭配:后接衣物、鞋子等。
例句:
He threw off his coat and jumped into the pool.(他匆匆脱掉外套,跳进泳池。)
She threw off her high heels as soon as she got home.(她一回家就甩掉了高跟鞋。)
Don’t just throw off your dirty clothes on the floor—put them in the laundry basket!(别把脏衣服乱扔在地上,放进洗衣篮!)
指“轻松、快速地完成(文字、话语等)”,强调效率或随意性。
搭配:后接文字作品(如story、poem、blog post)或话语(如remarks、jokes)。
例句:
The poet can throw off a sonnet in 10 minutes.(这位诗人能在10分钟内写出一首十四行诗。)
He just throws off ideas during meetings—most of them aren’t serious.(他开会时随口提想法,大多没当真。)
Don’t worry about perfecting it—just throw off a draft first.(别纠结完美,先快速写个草稿。)
指“让某人因意外而打乱节奏”,强调干扰或打乱思路。
搭配:后接人(sb.),常用结构“throw sb. off”。
例句:
The interviewer’s tricky question threw me off for a second.(面试官的难题让我一时慌乱。)
Her sudden laugh threw off the speaker, who forgot his next point.(她突然的笑声让演讲者乱了阵脚,忘了下一个要点。)
Don’t let their comments throw you off—stay focused on your goal.(别让他们的话干扰你,专注于目标。)
1、 及物性:
“throw off”是及物短语动词,需接宾语。若宾语是代词(如it、him、her),需放在“throw”和“off”之间(即“throw + 代词 + off”),不能说“throw off it”。
正确:She threw it off quickly.(她快速摆脱了它。)
错误:She threw off it quickly.
2、 被动语态:
可用于被动,强调“被摆脱/被释放”:
The virus is hard to throw off.(这种病毒很难摆脱。)
A lot of smoke is thrown off by that factory.(那家工厂排放大量烟雾。)
3、 常见固定搭配:
throw off a cold(摆脱感冒)
throw off a pursuer(甩掉追踪者)
throw off heat/smell(散发热量/气味)
throw off clothes(脱衣服)
throw off a story(写故事)
throw sb. off(使某人困惑)
“throw off”的含义可归纳为:
脱离负面事物(摆脱感冒、情绪);
释放物理能量(散发热量、气味);
快速处理物品/创作(脱衣服、写文章);
干扰他人状态(使困惑、慌乱)。
理解时需结合上下文,关注动作的主动性、快速性或释放性。