"both…and"是英语中常用的并列连词短语,意为“两者都……;既……又……”,用于连接两个并列、对等的成分(如名词、代词、动词、形容词、介词短语等),强调两者的共同性或同时具备的特征。
"both…and"的关键规则是:连接的两个成分必须结构对称、词性一致(即“平行结构”),否则会导致句子结构错误。以下是具体场景:
当"both…and"连接两个主语时,谓语动词需用复数形式(因为主语是“两者”,表复数概念)。
Both my mother and my father are teachers.(我父母都是老师。)
Both coffee and tea make me awake.(咖啡和茶都让我清醒。)
连接动词或介词的宾语,强调“两者都涉及”。
I love both cats and dogs.(我既爱猫又爱狗。)
She is good at both math and physics.(她数学和物理都很好。)
强调主语同时进行两个动作,此时动词形式需一致(如都用原形、-ing或-ed)。
He both sings and dances well.(他既会唱歌又会跳舞。)
They both read books and watch movies in their free time.(他们空闲时既读书又看电影。)
强调主语同时具备两种属性。
The movie is both exciting and moving.(这部电影既刺激又感人。)
She speaks both quickly and clearly.(她说话既快又清楚。)
需保持结构对称(都用不定式"to do"或都用动名词"doing")。
I want to both travel and learn a new language this year.(我今年既想旅行又想学一门新语言。)
Both swimming and running are good for health.(游泳和跑步都对健康有益。)
1、 避免结构不对称:
错误:Both he and his sister likes pizza.(谓语应为复数"like")
错误:She enjoys both to sing and dancing.(应统一为"singing"或"to dance")
正确:She enjoys both singing and dancing.
2、 与其他并列短语的区别:
"both…and"→ 两者都(肯定);
"either…or"→ 要么……要么(二选一,肯定);
"neither…nor"→ 既不……也不(否定)。
3、 简化表达:
当连接的两个成分有共同修饰语时,可省略重复部分(但需保持对称):
Both (of) the books are interesting.(两本书都很有趣。→ "of"可省略,但"both"后接代词时需加"of",如"both of us")
"both…and"的核心是连接对等成分,强调“两者兼顾”,使用时需注意结构对称和主谓一致。通过具体例子练习(如连接不同词性的成分),能更快掌握其用法~