"fight off"是一个常用的英语动词短语,核心含义是“击退;抵抗;努力摆脱( unwanted 或 harmful 的人、事、状态)”,强调通过主动努力“驱赶、克制”某事物,使其不影响自己。
可拆解为:用“fight(抗争)”的方式“off(离开、远离)”,即通过行动让对象远离自身或停止影响。
"fight off"是及物动词短语,必须后接宾语(名词/代词),宾语可以是具体事物、抽象事物或情感状态。以下是常见语境及例子:
指用武力或行动击退试图伤害、侵犯自己的对象。
She fought off three muggers with her pepper spray.(她用胡椒喷雾击退了三个劫匪。)
The soldiers fought off the enemy's nighttime attack.(士兵们击退了敌人的夜间进攻。)
指身体或药物努力摆脱疾病、感染等。
I've been fighting off a cold all week.(我整周都在对抗感冒。)
His strong immune system helped him fight off the infection.(他强大的免疫系统帮他抵御了感染。)
指主动抑制或摆脱 unwanted 的情绪、冲动或状态。
She had to fight off sleep during the boring meeting.(无聊的会议中,她得努力抵抗睡意。)
It's hard to fight off temptation when you're on a diet.(节食时很难抵制诱惑。)
He's been fighting off feelings of sadness since his dog died.(自狗去世后,他一直努力摆脱悲伤。)
指摆脱他人 unwanted 的追求、纠缠。
She fought off his advances at the party.(派对上她拒绝了他的纠缠。)
The celebrity had to fight off paparazzi to get to her car.(这位名人得摆脱狗仔队才能上车。)
主动/被动:可用于主动(主语发起“抗争”)或被动(主语被“保护”免受影响)。
主动:We fought off the mosquitoes with repellent.(我们用驱虫剂赶走了蚊子。)
被动:The virus was fought off by the vaccine.(病毒被疫苗击退了。)
时态变化:过去式/过去分词为 fought off,现在分词为 fighting off。
I'm fighting off a headache right now.(我现在正忍着头痛。)
She had fought off the flu before the trip.(旅行前她已经击退了流感。)
fight against:强调“对抗的过程”(不一定成功),宾语多为抽象的“敌人”(如疾病、不公)。
He's been fighting against cancer for years.(他与癌症抗争了多年。)(侧重过程)
fight off:强调“驱赶/摆脱的动作”(更聚焦“让对象远离”),常隐含“努力后有效果”(但并非绝对,如 I tried to fight off the flu but got sick 表示努力但未成功)。
"fight off"的核心是“主动让某事物远离自己”,适用场景包括:击退攻击者、抵御疾病、克制欲望、拒绝纠缠等。记住它是及物短语,必须带宾语,搭配灵活,是日常口语和写作中高频使用的表达。