“pull down”是一个常用的英语短语,核心含义围绕“向下拉、降低或摧毁”,具体义项需结合语境判断。以下是其主要意思、例句及用法要点:
最常见的义项,指拆除建筑物、结构等。
They plan to pull down the old school and build a park.(他们计划拆毁旧学校建公园。)
The abandoned factory was pulled down last month.(那座废弃工厂上个月被拆了。)
指将窗帘、百叶窗、拉链等“向下拉”或“放下”。
Please pull down the blinds—sunlight is too bright.(请拉下百叶窗——阳光太刺眼了。)
She pulled down the zipper of her coat to cool off.(她拉下外套拉链降温。)
用于描述价格、比率、温度等“下降”或“被降低”。
The new tax policy helped pull down the cost of living.(新税收政策有助于降低生活成本。)
Competition from online stores pulled down the prices of books.(网店的竞争降低了书价。)
指通过言语或行为“贬低某人”或“让某人情绪低落”。
Don’t pull him down just because he failed the exam.(别因为他考试不及格就诋毁他。)
Her negative comments really pulled me down.(她的负面评论让我很失望。)
指疾病、压力等导致身体“垮掉”或“衰弱”。
Years of overwork pulled down his health.(多年过度工作让他身体垮了。)
The serious illness pulled her down a lot.(重病让她虚弱了很多。)
1、 及物性:
通常作为及物动词短语,需接宾语(sth./sb.)。宾语可放在短语中间或后面,但代词作宾语时必须放在中间:
正确:Pull it down.(把它拉下来。)
错误:Pull down it.
2、 被动语态:
可用于被动,结构为“sth./sb. be pulled down”,强调“被拆毁/降低/贬低”:
The old cinema was pulled down due to safety issues.(那座老电影院因安全问题被拆了。)
3、 语境区分:
物理动作(拆毁、拉下):宾语多为具体事物(building, blind, zipper);
抽象意义(降低、贬低、衰弱):宾语多为抽象概念(price, self-esteem, health)或人。
“pull down”的核心是“向下的动作或影响”,从物理上的“拆除/拉下”到抽象的“降低/打击”,需根据上下文灵活理解。掌握其搭配(如接建筑物、物品、数值、人)和语法规则(代词放中间、被动语态),就能准确运用。